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Combined feeds that successfully solve the problem of adequate nutrition for pigs are diverse both in composition and in manufacturing quality. Read further in the article about the requirements for mixed feed and their optimal composition for animals of different ages.

Combined feed, as its name implies, is a combination of nutrients, vitamins, macro- and microelements necessary for animals, which ultimately allows you to create a balanced diet for pigs of different ages and breeds. Complete feed, containing ingredients important for the growth and development of pigs, can completely replace all other types of feed.

Did you know? Pigs take their rightful place in the top ten most intelligent animals on Earth, surpassing even dogs in their mental abilities.

Advantages

Feeding pigs with mixed feed has the following advantages:

• significant savings in working time spent on preparing regular feed;
• balanced components, allowing you to create a complete diet for the animal;
• easy storage at room temperature;
• a large number of different products on the market.
  

  Flaws

  The disadvantages of feeding with compound feed are:

  • quite high cost of quality products;
  • the dangers of feeding pigs with cheaper feed mixtures, which may contain components difficult for animals to digest;
  • It is sometimes impossible to find on sale the high-quality type of feed that is needed right now, even with a wide selection on the market.

  Feed composition

  With a wide variety of percentages of ingredients and their different proportions in different types of feed, their basic composition is basically the same.

  For adults

  Compound feed for feeding adult animals most often consists of:

  
  

  Compound feed for piglets differs not only in composition, but also in fine fractionation. They are given feed mixture only in the form of fine grinding or in granules, turned into thick porridge with a temperature of at least +35°C.

  The combined feed for piglets consists mainly of:

  
  

  Kinds

  Combined feeds differ both in the form in which they are produced and in their purpose.

  By release form

  The product in question is produced in crumbly and granular form.

  loose

  This type of product differs in the degree of grinding, which can be:

  
  

  The granularity of the product plays a role here, which is especially important for young animals. Loose dry food is given to pigs either in its natural form or mixed with water. Sometimes dry food is supplemented with succulent food.

  Important! When including bulk feed in the diet of pigs, it is necessary to provide the animals with free access to drinking water.

  Granulated

  This type of product is practically no different in composition from loose feed mixture, since granules are obtained by pressing the same dry mixture through an extruder. Animals absorb granules faster, since it is more convenient for them to do so. But there are restrictions here, according to which pellets for piglets should not be more than 8 mm in diameter, and for adults - 10 mm.

  
  

  By purpose

  Based on the ingredients they contain, combined feeds are divided into:

  • full-feed;
  • concentrated.

  Full

  Already by the name we can say that complete types of feed completely satisfy the animal’s body’s need for nutrients and do not require any supplements.

  Concentrated

  This species is characterized by the concentration of protein, vitamins and minerals in its composition and is an addition to the main animal menu, consisting of grain crops.

  Did you know? The grunting of pigs actually hides up to 20 different signals that convey information from individual to individual.

  Consumption standards

  On average, the daily consumption rates of combined feed for pigs are:

  • piglets up to 2 months of age - 1000 g;
  • 3-month-old piglets - 1500 g;
  • six-month-old animals - 2000 g;
  • 8-month-old animals for fattening for meat standards - 3400 g;
  • 8-month-old animals for fattening - 3000 g;
  • females before first mating - 2300 g;
  • pregnant females - 3700 g;
  • females during lactation - up to 6400 g.

  The best producers of compound feed

  • "Cherkizovo";
  • "Miratorg";
  • "Prioskolye";
  • Cargill;
  • "BEZRK-Belgrankorm";
  • GAP "Resource";
  • "White bird";
  • "Rusagro";
  • Charoen Pokpand Foods;
  • "Agro-Belogorye"

  
  

  Among compound feeds, when answering the question of which one is better, the following stand out in popularity:

  • Purina (“Purina”);
  • KK-55;
  • PC-55-Luch;
  • SK-8.

  "Purina" consists of:

  
  

  KK-55 is a concentrated feed that meets the needs of the pig population for the energy component, vitamins and minerals and consists of:

  
  

  Compound feed PK-55-Luch is intended for rapid growth and for fattening pigs from 40 to 120 kg, reducing the fattening period and promoting maximum feed absorption.

  The basic composition of the feed is presented:

  • barley;
  • wheat bran;
  • wheat;
  • sunflower meal;
  • meat flour;
  • molasses;
  • limestone flour;
  • vegetable oil;
  • table salt;
  • amino acids;
  • premix P-54;
  • enzymes;
  • phytase;
  • antioxidants.

  SK-8 is a complete feed in granules for fattening pigs to fatty condition at the age of 4 to 8 months.
  

  The composition of the product is presented as:

  • oats;
  • wheat;
  • barley;
  • corn;
  • wheat bran;
  • sunflower meal;
  • feed chalk;
  • table salt;
  • premix P-54.

  Recipe for preparing compound feed at home

  The fairly high price of high-quality combined feed mixtures forces many livestock farmers to prepare the product on their own. Since each owner knows his pets well, that is, how much each of them eats, what is the average daily feed consumption, how much is needed for one pig and how much an individual eats before slaughter, it is easier for him to make calculations and create the optimal feed recipe for each animal.

  Required Ingredients

  On average, the ingredients of a typical feed are presented in percentage:

  • barley - 40;
  • corn - 30;
  • wheat or wheat bran - 9.5;
  • meat and bone and fish meal - 6;
  • grass flour - 5;
  • peas - 5;
  • soybean or sunflower meal - 3;
  • feed chalk - 1;
  • table salt - 0.5.

  In addition, for each kilogram of product add:

  • zinc sulfate - 0.1 g;
  • iron sulfate - 0.1 g;
  • manganese sulfate - 0.015 g;
  • copper carbonate - 0.015 g;
  • cobalt chloride - 0.005 g;
  • potassium iodide - 0.002 g.

  The necessary premixes are also added according to the instructions attached to them.

  Video: How to prepare feed for pigs

  Step-by-step cooking instructions

  To answer the question of how to make good compound feed with your own hands and how to give it, you need to determine its purpose. For piglets, the feed mixture is made differently than for adults; feed for feeding for meat differs from the product for bringing a pig to fatty condition. In addition, fermented feed can be prepared using the yeast method. There are also dietary feeds and feed mixtures, when preparing which you should know how to steam them correctly.

  The process of preparing a product yourself at home most often proceeds like this:

  1. The grain crusher grinds grain ingredients.
  2. Then the remaining ingredients are added to the resulting dry mass.
  3. The mixture is thoroughly mixed by hand.
  4. To steam for feeding piglets, boiling water is poured into the feed, and the product is left to swell for a couple of hours.

  You can even make granulated feed at home.

  To do this you should:

  1. Rinse the grain components of the future mixture well and dry them thoroughly.
  2. Grind them using a grinder.
  3. Add the remaining ingredients and stir the mixture.
  4. Add warm water to it and stir the mixture, bringing it to a dough-like state.
  5. Then pass the mixture through a meat grinder, resulting in a granulated combined feed.
  6. Dry the granules.

  Important! Piglets should not be given food with temperatures below +30° C and above +35° WITH.

  How to feed pigs with compound feed

  To decide what a particular diet consists of and what its components are made of, you need to determine its purpose.

  Young piglets

  It is recommended to feed piglets with fine-grained bulk feed or their granulated analogue. It is diluted with warm water and brought to a mushy state, which promotes better absorption of food and accelerated growth of animals.

  Let's consider how much feed is needed to raise piglets. The feeding diet of individuals depends on their age. Animals up to two months of age require up to 1 kg of feed daily. Then, until the age of six months, piglets must be given 1.5 kg of feed mixtures every day.

  
  

  Adults

  The feeding of adult animals depends on what they are raised for. The diet of pigs raised for meat differs from the diet of lard animals. Animals at the age of 8 months, which are raised for meat, are given an average of 3.4 kg of food product per day. Pigs of the same age, but fattened for lard, are given 3 kg per day.

  Special diets are given to pregnant females and pigs nursing cubs. Let's look at how much a pregnant sow eats per day and how much is needed for sows during lactation. The feeding ration of pregnant females increases to 3.7 kg, and for pigs nursing piglets - to 6.4 kg.

  Combined feeds, which significantly speed up the growing of pigs and improve the consumer qualities of the resulting meat and lard, are quite accessible for self-production at home.

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Compound feed is a product that is actively used to feed animals that are bred at home or on farms. Today there are a huge number of factories that specialize in the production of feed for pigs. They all differ in composition and complexity. When choosing the product in question, it is necessary to take into account what components were used in the preparation of the feed. After all, for each age of the animal there is a specific pork feed.

Table of the composition of pig feed, so you can make it yourself at home

The production of compound feed at the manufacturing plant occurs according to a recipe, which is regulated by a specific GOST. But due to different needs, certain components in the recipe may change, but the quality characteristics do not change. In addition, today there are quite expensive feeds that not every farmer can purchase. There is a solution - replacing expensive components with cheaper ones, but with a similar effect.

According to GOST, the composition of feed for pigs, both small and adult, should consist of 6-12 components. In addition to the ingredients presented, there are a large number of additives that the manufacturer can add at will.

You can find out what the Petrena breed looks like.

Recipe for complete feed (CPF) PK-57-3-89

Kinds

Each type of feed for pigs is divided into 5 main types:

1. For sucking animals.
2. For pets up to 1.5 months old.
3. For young piglets up to 8 months old.
4. For piglets raised for meat.
5. For boars.

Some manufacturers offer certain types of feed that can be used for sows feeding milk. It contains a large amount of vitamins and minerals. Thanks to the special composition of the feed, it is possible to transfer small animals to an individual diet after just a few days from birth.

Feed recipes for suckling piglets may differ slightly, but each of them has its own homogeneous composition. Thanks to this, it is possible to facilitate the consumption and absorption of feed. Industrial feed recipes very often contain the necessary additives, so introducing them additionally into the diet does not make sense.

Which is better

It is difficult to give an unambiguous answer to the question posed. If you prepare the feed yourself, sometimes the farmer has no doubts about the composition of the feed. In addition, it becomes possible to independently vary the filling of the mixture at your own discretion.

But preparing compound feed yourself makes sense only if the farmer has access to a food base. After all, to obtain feed it is necessary to use grass, root crops, and grain. If you have to purchase grain for this, it is impossible to prove that the resulting feed will be environmentally friendly and natural. Also, the farmer will have to master various options for preparing compound feed, because for a certain age of the pig it is necessary to use specific components in the feed. It is much easier to purchase finished products.

How long does a pregnant pig walk will help you understand.

How to cook it yourself

If you decide to make your own feed for pigs, then you should study the most popular recipes and choose the most optimal one. In this case, you must be guided by the fact that there will be no universal menu. For a pig of a certain age, you will need to use a specific feed recipe. It’s not difficult to prepare them; the main thing in this matter is to maintain the ratio of ingredients.

What does the recipe for little piglets consist of?

If you decide to start preparing feed for little pigs, then there is no particular difference with the recipe for adult pets. As it soared, the ingredients are all the same, but the difference is only in the required proportion. For this reason, it is necessary to take into account that their percentage will change in the overall composition of the product.

Symptoms and treatment of diseases are described.

For feeding piglets and fattening young animals, you should use only finely ground feed. In addition, the consistency of feed for small pigs should resemble thick porridge. Thanks to this consistency, all feed ingredients will be better absorbed by the body. Small piglets should not be given food that is too cold. Its temperature should reach 30 degrees.

To prepare the simplest feed, you need to prepare the following ingredients:

• barley – 1 kg;
• feed yeast – 100 g;
• feed fat – 40 g;
• chalk – 15 g;
• salt – 5 g.

The process of obtaining compound feed begins with crushing cereals. After this, the remaining components are sent to her, everything is mixed thoroughly. You can even do this with your hands. Potatoes, peas and bread can be additional components. At this point the feed for small piglets is ready.

To raise and breed pigs that will quickly gain weight, it is necessary to establish the correct feeding order and purchase good feed. Currently, a large number of different products have been developed for pig farming. types of combined feeds. But high-quality and balanced feed for pigs can also be obtained at home. This article will discuss the rules for making compound feed with your own hands and how much it should be given to pigs according to the norm.

What is compound feed

Compound feed is a balanced feed mixture for animals containing nutrients, vitamins and microelements. Good health and development of pigs is ensured by the correct selection of feed.

The mixtures contribute to the growth of animal immunity and increase in live weight. Compound feed is available in different types, its composition depends on the age of the pigs and their purpose.

Types of feed

Combined feeding mixtures are divided into types depending on the age of the animals:

• for small suckling piglets;
• for piglets that have reached the age of 1.5 months;
• for young pigs up to 8 months of age;
• for individuals prepared for slaughter;
• for breeding boars.

Based on the composition of the feed, they can be divided into the following types:

• coarse, consisting of hay, vegetables and bran;
• protein, which allows you to build muscles and consists of flour, meal and legumes;
• energy drinks containing various grain crops;
• waste, consisting of meat residues, offal, whey, fish.

The consistency of the feed can also be different:

• crumbly and dry;
• wet;
• liquid;
• granular.

Dry mixtures can only be used in rooms with good ventilation, using bunker types of feeders.

Table 1 shows the composition of the combined feed for feeding sows for various purposes.

Table 1. Composition of feed for sows.

Granulated types of feed are fed to animals in measured portions, which helps prevent overeating. Wet mixtures have a uniform structure. The ratio of feed and water in such a diet should be equal. Wet feed suitable for farms small in size, with low load on the operator. The liquid diet is dominated by water and its humidity can reach 75%.

Complete and concentrated feed

Feed mixtures can be produced in two types:

• complete ration (PRK);
• concentrated (CC).

Complete mixtures have a rich composition of vitamins and microelements that may be required for the growth and development of pigs. With this diet, pigs do not require additional feeding.

The concentrate is an additive that complements the basic diet. It is given when there is a lack of vitamins and nutrients necessary for the full development and growth of pigs.

With the help of GOST, quality standards for produced feed are regulated. Mixtures can contain 6-12 ingredients. As a rule, the main components are 7-9, and the rest consists of various microelements and vitamin supplements.

Sometimes it becomes necessary to replace some products with equivalent analogues. This is allowed in GOST standards, but their ratio must be 1:1. Such a replacement is indicated on the packaging with special markings.

With the help of GOST R 52255-2004, the production of complete feed is regulated, and GOST R 51550-2000 regulates the production of concentrated feed. Table 2 presents a recipe for preparing complete feed for boar producers.

The percentage of ingredients in pig feed recipes may vary slightly depending on the brand of feed, but the general composition remains unchanged.

GOST defines the appropriate characteristics for different types of feed:

• the overall nutritional value of the feed when combining various components;
• standardized essential mineral composition, including: calcium, phosphorus and sodium;
• grinding grain size: coarse, medium or fine;
• the diameter of the granules for a pelleted type of feed, which should be less than 8 mm for piglets and no more than 10 mm for adult pigs.

Nutritional standards for piglets and adult pigs

The determination of feeding rates is influenced by:

• breed of animal;
• age of the pig;
• purpose of cultivation.

For young animals under the age of one and a half months, 1.5 kg of feed per day is required. Suckling piglets need to be given 200 g of food per day to compensate for the lack of nutrients and vitamins. They are fed 5 times a day. The introduction of feed of any kind into the diet of piglets should be done gradually and with caution..

An adult pig needs to be given about 4 kg of feed per day, a lactating sow - 6 kg. Sexually mature individuals are fed up to two times a day.

It is necessary to monitor the consumption of feed for piglets. Some types of feed mixtures cannot be eaten in unlimited quantities. Overeating can threaten the gain of excess fat mass or loss of the taste of meat.

The annual rate of feed mixtures is calculated depending on the pig’s protein and energy needs at different growth periods:

• at the age of 21-40 days - 10.5 kg;
• at the age of 41-60 days - 23.5 kg;
• at the age of 61-90 days - 53.5 kg;
• at the age of 91-120 days - 70 kg;
• at the age of 121-150 days - 83 kg;
• at the age of 151-180 days - 93 kg.

Thus, with a pig’s life cycle of 180 days, 334 kg of feed mixture will be needed to feed it.

Production of feed at home

Purchased feed is affordable, but many pig farmers prefer to make it themselves. Preparing for the preparation of feed consists of the following steps:

1. Procurement of necessary products, their processing and warehousing for storage.
2. Calculation of the required amount of ingredients using scales.
3. Prepare appropriate utensils and space.
4. Selection of necessary additives and ingredients.

The preparation of grain feed can be carried out in several ways: steaming, yeasting and cooking.

Yeasting is carried out as follows:

• Warm water in a volume of 15-20 liters is poured into the container;
• Yeast is added to the liquid in a proportion of 100 g per 10 kg of dry feed;
• Measured feed is poured into the water and mixed;
• the mixture is infused for 6-8 hours.

This type of feed can only constitute half of the full daily ration and be given once every two weeks.

Silage is a budget-friendly feed option with good nutritional value. The ratio of ingredients in its composition can be of two types:

• vegetable residues - 50%, potatoes - 45%, grain residues - 5%;
• fodder and table carrots - 10%, sugar beets - 60%, corn stalks with cobs - 30%.

Silage is stored in barrels and pits. All ingredients are crushed, poured into a container, thoroughly compacted and covered for fermentation.

It is important to add some vitamins and minerals to any recipe to keep pigs healthy.

Purchase of feed

There are a large number of different brands of feed available on sale, presented by various manufacturers. Among them there are both Russian and foreign goods. Each manufacturer determines its own classification of feed, recipes and consumption rationing. Two companies are most famous engaged in the production of feed:

• TM "Provimi" is an American company engaged in the production of products for agriculture;
• LLC Soyuzpischeprom Association is an agricultural trading company from Russia.

Table 3 shows the product range of these two companies.

Table 3. Assortment of companies "Provimi" and "Soyuzpischeprom".

The types of feed in the table are sorted according to the age of the pigs. It is recommended to alternate the types of combined feed used, as their composition may change. One type of food cannot fully cover the need for essential nutrients and vitamins. Using in practice various feed compositions, you can find the best option for yourself.

In 2015, the company TM "Provimi" released an updated brand of feed called "Purina". The composition of Provimi food includes the following components:

• set of enzymes;
• heat-treated grain;
• soy protein;
• dairy products;
• antibiotic;
• feed from animal ingredients;
• antioxidant;
• mineral and vitamin supplements;
• acidifier;
• growth stimulating substances;
• immune modulator.

Compound feed "Purina" consists of the following ingredients:

• soybean meal and cake;
• L-lysine;
• wheat, corn, oats;
• methionine;
• vitamin and mineral complex;
• antioxidants and flavoring additives;
• b-phytza enzyme.

Purina contains no components of animal origin and dairy products, unlike its predecessor. But this food contains useful amino acids that synthesize proteins and improve metabolic processes. Thanks to the enzyme b-phytase, phytic acid is broken down and the digestion process improves, the animal’s weight gain is stimulated.

Purina feed also contains a minimal amount of synthetic components. All components are combined with each other at the biological level and together enhance their effect.

Feed consumption rates for pigs

The consumption of various types of feed depends on the characteristics of a particular individual. Table 4 presents the feed consumption rates of the Soyuzpischeprom company.

Table 4. Feed consumption rates of the Soyuzpischeprom company.

Table 5 examines the feed consumption of the Provimi TM company.

Table 5. Feed consumption of the Provimi TM company.

The process of feeding pigs is quite labor-intensive. But taking into account the properties of various feeds, animal needs and consumption rates, you can create an optimal pig feeding program. By determining how much feed mixture one pig consumes, you can calculate the expected maintenance costs.

Medicinal types of feed

Compliance with the necessary rules for feeding pigs cannot completely eliminate the possibility of poisoning of animals or digestive upset. Such situations are provoked by mold, which can occur on expired or improperly stored food.

During recovery from food poisoning, regular pig feed is replaced with a more expensive diet formula. This food contains a large amount of protein, reaching 17%, and fiber. These components help normalize digestive processes. Mandatory components in dietary feed should also include: feed acids, dairy products, bifidobacteria and lactobacilli.

Review of prices for compound feed

The price of feed is determined by the characteristics of its production, composition and type of purchase. In large cities of Russia, average prices for combined feeds are presented as follows:

• in Moscow - 350-1200 rubles/bag;
• in Chelyabinsk - 400-1000 rubles/bag;
• in Nizhny Novgorod - 410-950 rubles/bag;
• in Kazan - 390-900 rubles/bag.

You can purchase compound feed in specialized hardware stores and pet stores. It is more profitable to order large volumes of feed from manufacturing companies or from wholesalers. If the mixture is to be used for the first time, then it is better to buy one bag. If the type of feed is not suitable, the costs will be minimal.

Compound feed is sold in the form of powder, granules or bran. For piglets, it is preferable to use granulated feed, as it dissolves faster and is well absorbed. Bran and powder mixtures are used for adult animals. Their diluted with warm water or served dry. In addition to any food, a container of clean water should always be provided.

Attention, TODAY only!

Livestock farming has been popular at all times, because through breeding animals you can get considerable profit. Today, this type of agriculture also occupies a worthy niche; a large number of entrepreneurs choose this type of activity. In addition, thanks to the availability of special feeds, which are the most optimal food in composition, the growing process is greatly simplified.

Types of pig feed

Based on their physical condition, they distinguish between dry, liquid, wet and granular feeds. Dry feed for pigs is widely used. However, it is not one of the most optimal options, since its particles can enter the respiratory tract. And also the movements that animals make from food to water do not contribute to weight gain.

Pelleted food is a little better, but not suitable for constant feeding. In addition, it has a low content of vitamins due to the specifics of production. Wet feed for pigs solves all the disadvantages of the previous options. It has the most balanced composition, and the price is relatively low. Liquid feed is diluted 80% with water, and has its drawbacks (cessation of salivation in pigs, etc.). In addition, there are different types of food according to their functionality. These are products for increasing weight gain, reducing rearing costs, and feeding young piglets for their rapid development. There is also compound feed that reduces the amount of time required for fattening. It is important to know that with the help of special varieties you can get good meat or bacon, or a product with a fairly large layer of lard.

Compound feed: composition

Compound feed is a special balanced animal food product. Its main advantage is the presence of all those nutrients and microelements that are necessary for the proper development and growth of a pig. In addition, such nutrition increases immunity. Often, compound feed includes up to 10 types of feed. The basis is cereals (oats, corn, barley, waste from the production of flour and cereals), then there are legumes, bagasse, molasses, fish or animal bone meal. All combined feeds are created for a specific type of animal. They also use waste in production, which may not taste and smell very pleasant, but is of great value as a source of nutrients and minerals. Animals refuse to eat them on their own, but they eat them in combination with other elements. Additionally, the feed is enriched with vitamins, and a small amount of chalk and salt are also added to the composition. Regulates the quality of GOST feed for pigs under the number P 52255-2004. During production, they undergo specific heat treatment, which does not allow the development of pathogenic microflora.

Feeding regimens

Three main feeding modes are used. The first is that the animal eats to its heart’s content, food is always within reach. This type of nutrition is suitable for weaned and young piglets. Feeders need to be cleaned regularly to prevent old food from accumulating there. The normalized regime is used for feeding suckling sows, as well as piglets for their rapid growth. Food is given 2 or 3 times a day. Here, great responsibility lies with the operator, as he must regulate the amount of feed. The last type is limited feeding. This means that they provide slightly less food than is necessary for this species. This diet is suitable for pregnant sows, as well as for producing lean meat.

Grass meal in mixed feed

Feed for pigs also includes up to 20% grass meal. It is a source of vitamins and fiber, which is so necessary for the proper functioning of the digestive system. Its introduction into the composition is also explained by the fact that compound feed for pigs promotes good meat growth (due to the fact that the product is completely digestible). Fiber has the ability to absorb liquid, which is why the volume of food increases, which is important for preventing diseases that can occur due to insufficient food. Pigs that feed piglets especially need it: food containing grass meal promotes greater milk production. This flour is made from meadow grass and alfalfa. In a dry state, it is processed in a granulator along with other components in certain proportions.

How much feed does a pig eat?

The amount of food consumed depends on many factors: whether the animal is young or fattening, whether the sow has piglets and whether she feeds them with milk. From the 7th day of life, young piglets are offered a small amount of feed to awaken their food interest. An adult animal eats about 3 kilograms of food per day. The feed in such a diet should be at least 10%; for lactating sows the dose doubles. For breeding boars, there are their own norms for eating food (the height and weight of the pig play an important role). On average, they consume 3-4 kilograms of feed per day.

Price policy

You can purchase compound feed at an agricultural enterprise, a company that is directly involved in production. The most expensive are feeds for small piglets, which can be given from the first days of life (“Starter”, “Prestarter”). They cost on average 29,000 rubles per 1 ton. For animals aged 90-130 days, you can purchase food for 15,000-17,000 rubles per ton. The cost of feed for fattening pigs is 14,000-15,000 rubles. Some manufacturers offer, for an additional fee, to make food according to an individual recipe, and the computer will intelligently select the optimal ratio of ingredients.

DIY combination food

If your budget does not allow you to buy ready-made food, you can prepare it at home yourself. You need to mix wheat (the main source of energy), oats, barley, and a small amount of fish or bone meal. To ensure sufficient calcium levels, chalk must be added. You also cannot do without premixes. These are special supplements that include vitamins, beneficial microelements and minerals. This product will need to be purchased. Thus, the composition of feed for pigs will be as close as possible to industrial. All grains must first be crushed. To improve their taste, they can be lightly fried. In order to enrich the feed with additional vitamins, the grain is sprouted.

Medicinal varieties of feed

Sometimes, despite all the observance of feeding rules, animals experience indigestion. When using stale, moldy or rusty combined feeds, you can cause poisoning in the pig. In this case, you need to use more expensive varieties of dietary food. They have a number of significant characteristics. The first is the high fiber content to normalize intestinal function. Protein should not be higher than 17%, and it is better if it is easily digestible (whey powder, potato protein). Dairy components will not overload the digestive system. In order for the food to have a therapeutic effect, the content of mineral substances is underestimated and additionally feed acids, live lacto- and bifidobacteria, and extracts from medicinal herbs are introduced. Thus, dietary feed for pigs, the price of which will be higher than regular feed, will become the only food during the period of illness.

Feed for pigs

Feed recipes have been developed for different age and production groups of pigs, level and direction of productivity and indoor conditions (Tables 20 - 29)

In terms of qualitative indicators of nutritional value, the compound feed meets the requirements for the group of animals for which it was developed, and is controlled by GOST R 502257-92 and GOST 21055-96.

Feeding pigs with the compound feeds of the recipes below allows you to rationally and effectively use feed grains, other concentrated feeds of your own production or purchased and more fully realize the genetic potential of animals.

20. Recipes for complete feed for single and pregnant queens

*) Can be replaced with wheat bran.

**) Recipe 4 was developed by VNIIFBiP for single and pregnant (first 2/3) queens.

Feeding pregnant queens with complete feed from the above recipes ensures complete feeding, efficient use of nutrients and high productivity: multiple births of 11-12 piglets per queen, large-feeding 1.35-1.5 kg.

21. Recipes for complete feed for suckling queens (VIZH)

*) Recipe 3 was developed by VNIIFBiP for pregnant (last 1/3) and suckling queens.

Productivity of queens when fed with recommended mixed feed (based on the results of a production test on 200 queens): nest weight at 21 days (conditional milk production) - 58-60 kg; The average live weight of a piglet at 21 days is 5.8-6.0, at 45 days (when weaned) - 14-14.5 kg, at 60 days - 19.5-21.5 kg.

22. Recipes for complete feed for piglets raised up to 60 days of age (weaning at 35-45 days)

*) Recipes 5 and 6 were developed by VNIIFBiP for piglets raised from 27 to 42 days (recipe 5) and 43-60 days in pig breeding complexes instead of SK-3 and SK-4.

Compared to the latter, they increase average daily gains by 8.4-11.3%, increase the safety of piglets by 3-5%, and the efficiency of feed use by 3.7%.

23. Recipes for complete feed for piglets raised from 60 to 120 days of age (VIZH)

*) Can be replaced with wheat.

**) Can be replaced with wheat bran.

Compound feeds provide balanced feeding in accordance with detailed standards and allow producing piglets with a live weight of 46-50 kg at 120 days of age.

They increase weight gain by 14.2% with piglet survival rate of 98.1%, increase feed efficiency and protein savings by 10-12%.

24. Recipes for complete feed for replacement young pigs over 120 days of age (VIZH)

They provide the nutritional needs of growing young animals in accordance with detailed feeding standards and obtain average daily gains of 600-650 g at a feed cost of 4.5-4.7 kg per 1 kg of gain.

25. Recipes for complete feed for fattening pigs (VIZH)

*) Developed by VNIIFBiP for periods 1 and 2 of fattening pigs at pig breeding complexes. Increase weight gain by 18.7%, increase feed efficiency by 10.7%.

26. Recipes for complete feed for fattening pigs (VIZH)

In pig-breeding complexes, with a completed herd turnover, about 70% of the total requirement for compound feed falls on compound feed for fattening animals. The effectiveness of the use of feed by animals of this production group will largely depend

27. Recipes for complete feed for intensive fattening of hybrid pigs, (VIZH)

*) Can be partially replaced with wheat and barley.

profitability of pork production in general. VIZH has developed recipes for complete feeds taking into account the intensity of animal fattening (Tables 27 - 29). Compound feeds are designed to produce average daily gains: 650-700 g, 750-800 g and 850-900 g. The latter are designed for fattening hybrid animals.

Fattening pigs from 40 to 110-120 kg of live weight using the above recipes provides average daily gains of 650-700 g at a cost of 4.0-4.2 kg of feed per 1 kg of gain.

Feeding feedstuffs produced according to the above recipes to fattening pigs ensures an average daily weight gain of 750-800 g at a cost of 3.7-3.9 kg of feed per 1 kg of gain.

For intensive fattening of hybrid pigs, three recipes for complete feed have been developed: No. 1 and No. 2, respectively, for the first and second periods of fattening, and No. 3 is a recipe for a unified feed intended for feeding throughout fattening.

Formulated feed recipes have been tested in scientific, economic and production experiments on hybrid animals in the Povolzhskoe NAO, Samara region.

28. Recipe for complete feed for breeding boars (VNIIFBiP)

Recommended for pig breeding complexes. Provides factory fatness of breeding boars, an increase in the volume of ejaculate, the number of sperm and their fertilizing ability. Reduces the cost of feed (up to 16%) per sperm dose.

29. Recipes for concentrated feed for pigs (VIZH)

30. Recipes for premixes for pigs (VIZH) for 1 ton

*) for rye-containing feed.

**) for mixed feed on barley or barley-wheat basis.

According to the technology for producing pork mainly using its own feed, the concentrate-combi-silage (or concentrate-potato) type of feeding, using green feed in the summer, is offered as an alternative to the concentrate type.

In the structure of winter and summer diets for single and pregnant queens, the share of succulent feed is 26-28% in nutritional value, concentrated feed - 74-72%; for suckling queens - 12-15 and 88-85%, respectively, for fattening pigs, respectively, 10 and 90%.

The use of combisilage and other succulent and green feeds in diets can reduce the consumption of grain and other concentrated feeds in pig farming.

For the effective use of rations with combined silage and other succulent and green feeds, recipes for concentrated feeds have been developed (Table 30).

31. Recipes for premixes for pigs of large complexes for the production of pork on an industrial basis for 1 ton

*) For rye-containing compound feeds.

**) For mixed feed on barley or barley-wheat basis.