OAO Kolomna Plant. Kolomna Diesel Locomotive Plant Shcherbatykh and to the Kolomna Plant

Copper Iron Foundry and Mechanical, Society of the K. Machine-Building Plant (formerly Struve and Co.) 3 versts from the city of Kolomna, at the very station of Staraya Kolomna, Moscow-Kazan Railway. Built in 1862 by engineer G. E. Struve. FROM… … Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

Kolomna plant- KOLOMENSKY PLANT shareholder. society of the same name, located at Art. Golutvin near the mountains. Kolomna. A well-equipped and organized plant for the needs of the fleet; prepares marine engines system. Diesel, improved ... ... Military Encyclopedia

The open joint-stock company Kolomna Plant of Technical Rubber Products (Kolomna, Moscow Region) began operating in the market of molded and non-molded rubber technology in 1971 as a structural division of Kolomna ... ... Wikipedia

Kolomna Institute of Moscow State Open University (KI MGOU) Parent organization Moscow State Open University Year of foundation 1955 Director ... Wikipedia

OJSC Kolomensky Zavod Founded in 1863 Founders A. E. Struve Key figures Vladimir Karpov (general director) ... Wikipedia

JSC "Kolomensky Zavod" Type Open Joint Stock Company No listing on the exchange Year of foundation 1863 ... Wikipedia

The armored train "Kolomensky Rabochy" is one of the armored trains built at the Kolomna plant during the Great Patriotic War, in the fall of 1941. Commander of the armored train Gorelik, Pyotr Zalmanovich Commissioner of the armored train A. E. Kazenkin and political instructor A. N. ... ... Wikipedia

Books

Passenger diesel locomotive TEP 70, V. G. Bykov. The book discusses the design features of the diesel locomotive TEP 70, its units and systems of the diesel generator 2 A-9 DG, electrical equipment, and the undercarriage. Designed for drivers...

The plant was founded in 1863 near the city of Kolomna by military engineer A.E. Struve under the name "Mechanical and Foundry Plant of Engineers of the Struve Brothers". The first products of the plant were bridge structures for railways. In the second half of the 19th century, the plant produced steam locomotives, wagons, river boats, locomobiles. Since 1871, he moved to the Joint Stock Company of the Kolomna Machine-Building Plant.

The enterprise is an active participant in the implementation of the Comprehensive program for the modernization and renewal of traction and rolling stock, implemented by Russian Railways OJSC as part of the transport strategy of Russia.

As part of the implementation of the federal target program for diesel production, the Kolomna Plant, with the participation of Transmashholding and the Sinara Group, developed five promising heavy engines. The Ministry of Industry and Trade is preparing to place a special investment contract (SPIC) for several tens of billions of rubles for the serial production of these units for transport engineering. In this connection, a decision was made at the Kolomna plant to modernize production through the implementation of an investment program. The total investment program for the period from 2018 to 2022 will amount to 15.5 billion rubles. The Investment Program is aimed at improving the quality of manufactured products, their competitiveness, reducing production costs, developing priority products, such as diesel engines of the new generation D300, D500, created at the enterprise under the Federal Target Program.

To organize mass production of new engines, the Kolomna plant will undergo modernization and large-scale re-equipment of the plant. During the implementation of the program, it is planned to reconstruct several diesel production workshops, an engineering center, create a diesel engine test site, purchase and install about 200 units of modern high-tech metalworking equipment, upgrade the lifting equipment fleet, and introduce energy-saving technologies at energy complex facilities.

The modernization of production will allow the plant in 2020 to become one of the leaders in the implementation of the plan of Russian Railways to acquire new diesel locomotives and electric locomotives, and to provide Russian Railways with new diesel and electric locomotives for 30% of the total traction stock modernization program for 2020. The planned volume of purchases of new locomotives in 2020 is 105 billion rubles. Accordingly, it is rational to believe that the revenue of Kolomensky Zavod OJSC in 2020 from the sale of electric and diesel locomotives will be more than 30 billion rubles, which exceeds today's production volumes by more than 100%.

Struve Brothers Engineering Plant (Kolomensky Zavod)

Kolomna Plant was founded in 1863 by military engineer Amand Egorovich Struve (1835-1898), who received a contract to build a railway bridge across the Oka River in Kolomna.

Initially, the plant specialized in the construction of bridges from its own metal structures, which were previously purchased abroad. The Struve plant was the first in Russia to start building large iron bridges and put this specialization on a high level. From factory structures, bridges were built for both railways and pedestrians and crews in St. Petersburg, Moscow, Kyiv, Tver, Smolensk, Murom and other cities.

Due to the constant need to be at the construction sites of bridges, Amand Struve invited the military engineer Gustav Yegorovich (1834-1882) as a partner to manage production at the Kolomensky Plant, after which in 1866 the enterprise was named the Struve Brothers Engineers Plant.

At the same time, Anton Ivanovich Lessing (1840-1915), a Bavarian subject, a Moscow merchant of the first guild, joined the brothers' business.

Quite quickly, the plant turned into a diversified machine-building enterprise. Already in 1867, in terms of production volume (2 million rubles) and the number of workers (1800 people), the Struve plant occupied the second position in European Russia, second only to the N.I. Putilov in Petersburg.

On January 1, 1872, the plant was transformed into the "Joint Stock Company of the Kolomna Machine-Building Plant" with a fixed capital of 2.8 million rubles. By this time, its activities had reached colossal proportions: it was the first enterprise in Russia to build iron bridges, the third car building plant in the history of Russia (wagon production began in 1865), the largest domestic manufacturer of steam locomotives (the first steam locomotive was built in 1869).

In the first five years from the start of the creation of cars, the share of the production of the Kolomna plant in the domestic car building was almost a third, but then, with the advent of new plants, it gradually began to decline. In the period from 1865 to 1871, 3,313 wagons were built at the Kolomna Plant (19% of all wagons), 67 steam locomotives were manufactured (57% of domestically produced steam locomotives).

On March 18, 1873, a solemn holiday was organized at the plant on the occasion of the release of the 100th steam locomotive (1-2-0, type 6), which was given the name "Kolomna". During the celebrations, it was announced to everyone that the 100th Kolomna steam locomotive would be sent to the World's Fair in May in Vienna, the capital of Austria-Hungary. Its organizers were major bankers and industrialists, including the Rothschilds and Krupps. The exposition attracted many entrepreneurs from all over the world to Vienna, however, despite such serious competition, the Kolomna steam locomotive received the highest award - an Honorary Diploma. Subsequently, the locomotive was operated on the Moscow-Ryazan railway.

According to the established tradition, the jubilee steam locomotives of the Kolomna Plant were called by proper names: the 100th steam locomotive - "Kolomna" (1873), the 200th - "G.E. Struve" (1874), the 500th - "M.Kh. Reitern "(1879).

In 1870, at a commercial and industrial fair in St. Petersburg, the Kolomna Plant was awarded the highest award - the State Emblem; after - two more State Emblems: at trade and industrial fairs in Moscow in 1882 and Nizhny Novgorod in 1896. It was a unique case in the history of the industry. In general, the expositions of the Kolomna Plant have always amazed with their scope. For example, from the exhibits presented at the All-Russian Art and Industrial Exhibition of 1882, a commercial four-axle steam locomotive, type No. 24, worth 30,000 rubles, was especially noteworthy. silver, as well as a steam-powered model in 1/5 of the natural size of a goods-passenger steam locomotive, type No. 20.

In addition, extremely elegant and richly decorated carriages were presented: a passenger carriage of the 1st and 2nd classes, with water heating, a government-type boxcar.

The production, growing year after year, experienced a shortage of metal, so in 1873 the Kulebaksky steel plant near Murom was acquired. In 1878, the Kolomna people built a shallow-draft river steamer "Kulebaki" to deliver metal. Orders for ships of this type, "falling down" on the plant, prompted the board to establish a shipbuilding industry, during which 128 steamships were built.

In 1882, during a difficult period of economic crisis and unemployment, Amand Yegorovich was forced to take direct control of the plant due to the death of his brother Gustav. The plant withstood the general unemployment that shook many other mechanical enterprises, and it was soon decided to move on to new branches of mechanical production. So, since 1882, the construction of locomobiles began, since 1883 - agricultural machines and implements (steam and horse threshers, seeders, straw cutters, winnowing machines, horse drives, etc.), in 1884 - passenger cars and peat machines.

In addition to all this, Amand Struve successfully implemented a project to equip the city railway in Kyiv with a new type of transport - an electric tram, which subsequently became widespread. By 1886, this type of transport was used only in England, Germany, the USA, and France.

Amand Yegorovich not only tested on the streets of Kyiv all the types of public transport that existed at that time (horse-drawn carriage, locomobile, electric tram), but also supplied wagons and rails for them, made at the Kolomna and Kulebaki iron-rolling plants. The regular passenger movement of the electric tram was launched on June 1, 1892: in the presence of hundreds of citizens, the first electric tram in the empire drove from Tsarskaya Square to Aleksandrovskaya Square. The tram service connected suburban areas with the center, showing its advantages on steep city streets. In the future, Kolomna trams worked in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Odessa, Voronezh.

In 1895, the Kolomna Plant completed an interesting order for the Ryazan-Ural Railway - it produced a special service train equipped with electric lighting and consisting of salon, director, service, dining cars and a power station car. The following year, a saloon car was built for Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich.

In 1900, at the World Exhibition in Paris, the Kolomna Plant was awarded the highest Grand Prix award for the Compound five-axle passenger steam locomotive with three twin axles, adapted for oil heating; commodity 4-axle narrow-gauge steam locomotive for sidings, 1st class passenger car, 2/3 class passenger car, peat press.

By the beginning of the 20th century, the territory of the Kolomna Plant was 60 hectares. The number of workers - 7460 people, 400 employees. Up to 220 steam locomotives, up to 150 passenger cars, about 1800 freight cars and 200 tank cars were produced annually, the production of metal structures for bridges, steamships, icebreakers, dredgers, locomobiles, peat presses, etc. continued.

At the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries, society faced an energy problem, since steam engines, which were previously used as energy sources, could no longer fully provide the required volumes of energy consumption. In 1899, in St. Petersburg, at the Russian Diesel plant of the Nobel brothers, a prototype diesel engine was built, running on crude oil.

Realizing the promise of a new type of heat engine, the owners of the Kolomna plant, headed by the chairman of the board Anton Ivanovich Lessing, also decided to organize the production of diesel engines at the enterprise. In 1903, the first diesel engine was manufactured, and after a while the Kolomna plant became the largest enterprise in the country for their production. His engineers found a way to adapt diesel as a power plant for river and sea vessels. In 1907, the world's first motor ship "Kolomensky diesel" was built here, after which the plant became the leading Russian enterprise in the construction of motor ships, starting to supply diesel engines for the navy. In 1909-1913, under the guidance of the famous engineer F. Meinecke, diesel locomotive projects were developed, which have not yet been implemented. The construction of locomotives with diesel engines began only in the early 1930s.

In 1916, the plant celebrated the release of the 5000th steam locomotive (type 86), built by order of the Ministry of War and sent to the front to service military field roads. In a telegram to the Minister of Railways, the management of the plant emphasized that the Kolomna plant was the first in the Russian Empire to reach the production of the 5000th steam locomotive. In honor of recognition of the merits of the enterprise with the highest permission, this steam locomotive was decorated with the image of the imperial monogram.

After the Civil War, the plant quickly restored production. Along with the manufacture of new steam locomotives, small and medium repairs of rolling stock began to be carried out here, and diesel and thermal ship building was resumed. In the 1920s, in addition to the development of railway transport, the plant mastered the production of various agricultural machinery, tram motor cars, snow plows, trolleys, etc.

Since the beginning of the 1930s, without stopping the production of steam locomotives and diesel engines, the factory workers set about developing machines that were qualitatively new for the country - diesel locomotives and electric locomotives. The first diesel locomotive with a capacity of 600 liters. With. was built in 1930.

Equipped with an electric transmission, it was intended for shunting work at large stations. In 1932, together with the Dynamo plant, the first Soviet freight electric locomotive VL19 was produced, in 1933 the plant was the first in the country to master the mass production of mainline diesel locomotives, and in 1934 a passenger electric locomotive of the PB series was built. For the creation and development of new machines in 1939, the plant was awarded the Order of Lenin.

In the first months of the Great Patriotic War, the main part of the plant was evacuated to Kirov, where the production of military equipment was launched in a short time: tanks, Katyusha mortars, self-propelled guns. The workers who remained in Kolomna repaired military equipment, mastered the construction of mobile platforms for anti-aircraft guns, built 2 armored trains, and set up the production of various types of ammunition and equipment.

During the war years, the plant fulfilled large orders for metallurgical plants: it produced coke pushers, equipment for blast furnaces, iron carriers, mine hoisting machines, and converters. For restoration work in the liberated territories, diesel hammers and spare parts for power plants were manufactured. In 1943, steam locomotive building and diesel engine building were resumed at the enterprise. For the successful completion of important tasks for the production of ammunition and metallurgical equipment during the war years in 1945, the plant was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.

After the war, the superstructure of the railway tracks was weakened and could no longer support heavy vehicles. A light, simple and economical freight locomotive was needed, so in 1945 such a locomotive was built, called Pobeda. In honor of the chief designer of the plant, Lev Lebedyansky, this steam locomotive was assigned the L series.

In addition to the Kolomna plant, the Voroshilovgrad and Bryansk plants built the L steam locomotives in a large series. With a power of 2,200 hp. these machines developed speeds up to 80 km / h and were more economical than all operated freight locomotives. The appearance of steam locomotives "L" on the railways made it possible to significantly increase the speed of trains and increase the throughput of railways. The locomotive-monument of the "L" series is installed in Kolomna on Lebedyansky Boulevard.

The volume of production of steam locomotives grew rapidly, but transport could not cope with the transportation of an increasing cargo flow - mainly because its main technical base - steam locomotives - had exhausted its capabilities. For 88 years of steam locomotive building, the enterprise has created about 200 types of steam locomotives in the amount of 10420 pieces.

In 1956, by decision of the government, the production of steam locomotives was stopped, and the plant was instructed to switch to the production of diesel locomotives. And in the same year, a diesel locomotive TEZ, built according to the drawings of the Kharkiv plant named after I.I. Malyshev, and in 1958 in Kolomna a freight diesel locomotive TE50 of its own design was built with a diesel engine of its own design. Further development of diesel locomotive building at the Kolomna Plant was based on the development and production of new types of diesel engines and diesel locomotives of only their own design. At the same time, the first gas turbine locomotives in the country were built, and work was underway to create mobile diesel power plants.

In 1959, the Kolomna Plant was designated as the head enterprise for the development and production of passenger diesel locomotives. In 1960, a passenger diesel locomotive TEP60 was built here. When creating this first domestic high-speed locomotive, all the latest achievements in the field of locomotive building were taken into account. New diesel locomotive with a diesel generator 11D45 with a capacity of 3000 hp was intended for driving passenger trains weighing 600-1000 tons at speeds up to 160 km/h.

In the mid-1960s, the management of the plant decided to create a power range of medium-speed four-stroke diesel engines D49 of a modular design for locomotive building, shipbuilding, power plants, heavy dump trucks, etc. In the global and domestic diesel industry, the solution to the problem of modularity and unification has become a significant achievement for engines of this class .

The development and development of the production of a promising range of D49 diesel engines became the basis for the creation of a new generation of domestic diesel locomotives. In the early 1970s, a passenger diesel locomotive TEP70 with a capacity of 4000 hp was built. in one section. Diesel locomotives TEP70, mass-produced from 1988 to 2006, have become a kind of visiting card of the enterprise, they are still operated on non-electrified sections of railways in Russia and neighboring countries.

In 1975-1977, two prototypes of the passenger diesel locomotive TEP75 with a capacity of 6000 hp were built. in one section, in 1988-1989, experimental eight-axle diesel locomotives TEP80 appeared with the same power in one section and the original design of a four-axle bogie. In 1993, during experimental trips of the diesel locomotive TEP80, for the first time in world practice, a speed of 271 km/h was reached.

Work on new equipment at the plant did not stop even during the economic crisis in the late 1990s. In accordance with the federal program “Development and production of a new generation of passenger rolling stock at Russian enterprises”, in 1997 the plant manufactured two prototypes of an EP200 passenger AC electric locomotive with a capacity of 8000 kW and a speed of 200 km/h, which became the first high-speed passenger electric locomotives of domestic production.

At the same time, at the initiative of the plant, the remotorization of the diesel locomotive fleet was started with the replacement of physically and morally obsolete engines with more economical and reliable D49 engines, extending the service life of diesel locomotives by 15-20 years.

As part of the implementation of the Comprehensive Program for the Modernization and Renovation of Traction and Rolling Stock of Russian Railways, the enterprise supplies locomotives and diesel engines to the country's railways. The main customer of OAO Kolomensky Zavod is traditionally OAO Russian Railways, supplies to which amount to about 50-60% of sales volumes. Over the past few years, the enterprise has mastered the production of new locomotives, including passenger diesel locomotives TEP70U and TEP70BS, Russia's first mainline freight diesel locomotive 2TE70, and the first domestic passenger DC electric locomotive EP2K.

Since 2005, the plant has been part of CJSC Transmashholding. Serial medium-speed engines of type D49 (CHN26/26) are produced in V-shaped design (8, 12 and 16 cylinders), cover the power range from 588 to 4412 kW and type D42 (CHNZO/38) (in-line, 4-stroke, 6 -, 8-cylinder version) from 1000 to 2200 kW, designed for the navy. The engines are based on a modular design, which allows them to be adapted to a specific purpose. In total, more than 37,000 diesel engines of various modifications were built at the Kolomna Plant.

Simultaneously with the release of serial products, work continues on the creation of new and improvement of promising modifications of diesel engines. Work is underway to create a new D500K diesel engine, which should become the basis of a new standard and size range of general-purpose engines.

JSC "Kolomensky Zavod" has been participating in the implementation of the Federal Target Program "National Technological Base" since 2011