Help on Tele2, tariffs, questions

A shoemaker knows how to make not only new shoes, but also to repair old ones, so that the feet in shoes don’t get tired on the go, don’t get wet in the rain, don’t freeze in the cold, don’t sweat in the heat ... I also want the shoes to be beautiful. All this requires great skill from the shoemaker!

Today, fashionable and beautiful shoes are made in factories where there are many large and complex machines. A modern shoemaker must know the design of such machines well and be able to manage them. Therefore, he is no longer just a shoemaker, but an engineer. If you already know how to read, then, walking along the street, read different signs. If you've seen a sign that says "Shoe Repair" in big letters, know that that's where the real shoemakers are hiding.

But, in general, shoemaking does not hurt a home craftsman either. Of course, for this, the house must have suitable materials and tools. For example, you need pieces of leather, rubber and felt, strong threads, rubber glue. You need a very sharp knife to cut leather, rubber and felt. You also need an awl to pierce holes for a needle and thread. If you try, at home it is quite possible to make warm slippers and a comfortable insole yourself, to perform simple repairs. It's good when the family has its own craftsmen!

The history of footwear has more than one millennium, or rather, it begins approximately from the Upper Paleolithic, and maybe even earlier. If there were shoes, then there were those who made them. So, the profession of a shoemaker is one of the most ancient professions.

The word "shoemaker" is now a bit outdated. Today, in advertisements for job vacancies, “shoemaker”, “shoe repairman” are more common. However, the meaning of this profession, depending on the name, does not change. Throughout its long history, the shoemaker's profession has changed very little - the main role in the shoe business is still played not by technology, but by the skill of the performer.

HOW TO BECOME A SHOEMAKER It is not difficult to get the simplest profession of a shoe repairman, but only a few become real masters. There are many vocational schools that offer this profession. Many students start earning good money pretty soon. In the process of learning, students master theory and, most importantly, practice, since there are special workshops at schools. After graduation, graduates are trained in shoe companies.

If we talk about individual tailoring, then a completely different level of skill is required from the shoemaker. This may require higher education, which can be obtained in one of the institutes of light industry.

A POEM ABOUT A SHOEMAKER

Master, master, help -
The boots are worn out!
Hammer the nails harder -
We're going to visit today!

MYSTERY ABOUT THE SHOEMAKER

They put dexterous two hands
heels on shoes,
And heel heels -
Also the work of these hands.

SHOW THE CHILD IMAGES ON THE THEME “DAY OF WORKERS OF TRADE, HOUSEHOLD SERVICES AND HOUSING AND UTILITY SERVICES. SHOEMAKER"

shoe assembler- a shoemaker, a shoemaker who creates ready-made shoes, boots and boots from individual parts. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in world artistic culture and work and economy (see the choice of profession for interest in school subjects).

Features of the profession

Until relatively recently, some 200 years ago, shoes were made exclusively by hand, individually or in tiny batches. This is what the shoemakers did. Today, shoes are mostly mass-produced. Craftsmen engaged in mass production are called shoemakers.

Assembling shoes is dozens of conveyor operations: from assembling the top to attaching the bottom. The more elements provided, the more operations have to be performed. This is assembly line work, and assemblers are considered the most numerous detachment of shoemakers. From the cutters, the conveyor receives individual parts of the top, which are gradually connected to each other, moving from worker to worker. First, the places of decorative seams are marked on the parts, then the edges of the parts are processed and polished and tinted, then they are sewn on a sewing machine, etc.

Sewing and decorating with decorative seams are very important operations that require precision and accuracy from the master. The vamp line and the edging line are the most difficult stages of work. The master leads the seam line one and a half - two centimeters from the edge, and the line, if it comes out crooked, cannot be torn and redone, especially if the shoes are leather. The needle leaves incorrigible marks on the shoe leather, and the damaged part is sent to marriage.

Finally, when the upper is ready, all the details are sewn and glued, the undercarriage of the boot can be attached to it. Various technologies can be used for this - from gluing to casting. To glue the sole, the finished top put on the block is smeared with glue at the junctions of the future connection. The sole is pressed against them with the help of a press. This is also a very important point: if the outsole is glued sideways, it will no longer be possible to correct the oversight.

To make everything stick perfectly, the lower part of the boot blank is turned.

A shoe assembler may specialize in making uppers, making bottoms, or joining uppers with bottoms.

Fashion, styles, shoe designs are constantly changing. This means that the shoe assembler has to constantly master new work algorithms, new operations. On the other hand, with experience comes skill, with which no innovation is scary anymore.

Cons of the profession. You have to work at a fast pace, it is usually noisy in the workshop, the fumes of dyes, adhesives, etc. are inevitably felt in the air. If you do not pay attention to your posture, long concentrated work can lead to back pain, to stoop. Long work on the legs can lead to the expansion of the veins in the legs, diseases of the joints.

Many industrial hazards can only be compensated for by a healthy lifestyle, walking, swimming, comfortable shoes, etc. To protect their hearing from noise, workers use special anti-noise headphones, earplugs.

Workplace

A shoe assembler can work in shoe factories, workshops for individual tailoring of shoes (including orthopedic ones).

Important qualities

The profession of a shoe assembler implies good coordination of movements, a sense of rhythm, quick reaction, accuracy, the ability to concentrate and distribute attention.

Physical endurance is also required. Diseases of the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, poor eyesight (if it is not compensated by glasses), allergies to certain substances do not allow working on a conveyor.

Salary

Salary as of 03/05/2020

Russia 24000—70000 ₽

Moscow 20000—67000 ₽

Knowledge and skills

The shoe assembler must know the technology of shoe production, own assembly operations.

Where do they teach

The profession of a shoe assembler can be obtained in colleges that train personnel for the shoe industry.

Shoes, like clothes, demonstrate a sense of taste and style of their owner. We wear very different shoes depending on the specific occasion, but few of us think about who, in fact, owes such a convenient opportunity. Meanwhile, people who make boots and shoes have their own professional holiday, International Shoemaker's Day. And they celebrate it every year on the same day - November 26th.

History of International Shoemaker's Day

Shoemaker's Day has the status of an international celebration. This is explained by the fact that not one country in the world can do without such useful specialists as shoe manufacturers. The word "shoemaker" today is not very popular - more often in our days the term "shoemaker" appears in the lexicon. But before it was very popular. Shoemakers or shoemakers often had their own workshops, and apprentices helped them in their work. Being the right hand of a shoemaker in those distant times was quite an honor.

Shoe making was not easy. Today, this production is mostly mechanized and even automated, and earlier shoemakers had to sew all the shoes by hand. True, each pair at the same time turned out to be different from the previous one, kept a touch of individuality, and sometimes it could be safely called a masterpiece.

Since ancient times, the profession of a shoemaker allowed the one who mastered it to earn very decent money. The craftsmanship of making shoes has always been in demand both among the nobles and among the common people. A good shoemaker's orders were not translated, and he did not know the need for buyers.

Profession shoemaker

I would like to talk about the profession of a shoemaker on International Shoemaker's Day.

A modern shoemaker or shoemaker, unlike his predecessors, can work not only independently, but also in a shoe factory. In the second case, he is obliged to understand the structure of machines operating in production, understand the principles of their operation and be able to manage these complex mechanisms. Accordingly, in order to carry out labor activities in factory conditions, a shoemaker must have a special education.

A person working in a shoe shop needs certain knowledge no less. A real shoemaker should be able to sew shoes from scratch, because even today there are people with a non-standard size or even shape of the foot who can’t find a pair of shoes on the shelves of shoe stores. A true master of his craft will easily repair boots or shoes, if the need arises, save the shoes from scuffs caused by time or careless wear; patch up holes, put new heels on heels. A shoemaker is able to give your old shoes a second life if he has the necessary skills and a set of tools. The latter includes an awl, a knife with a sharp blade, special needles, rubber glue, etc. The shoemaker also needs certain materials: pieces of leather, rubber, strong threads of the appropriate shade.

As for earnings, the shoemaker's profession, as before, is one of the most sought-after specialties, but is not particularly highly paid.

Features of making shoes

On International Shoemaker's Day, let's pay a little attention to the peculiarities of making shoes.

The creation of boots, shoes or sandals is quite complex and requires the involvement of several professionals in the process. If the shoemaker sews shoes on his own, and he does not have assistants, such a specialist needs to have a good store of specific knowledge and skills in order to perform the functions of different categories of shoemakers alone.

At the initial stage of shoe production, the work of a shoemaker is required. His task is to create a specific model of shoes. Thanks to the efforts of a shoemaker, almost the main part of any shoe appears - a shoe. The master needs to try, because the comfortable wearing of future shoes and the demand for the model among the population will depend on the convenience of the shoe.

After that, cutters are taken to work. They cut out all the necessary details from the right material, from which it is planned to sew a pair of shoes. Cutters must be very careful not to miscalculate the size of the pattern. In shoe factories, this process is mechanized and carried out using a hydraulic press.

The third stage is assembly, direct tailoring, gluing shoes and finishing. This is done directly by shoemakers.

At the end of the shoe production process, the services of a tightener are required, which tightens the shoes. He is the master of the 6th category.

How to become a shoemaker

It is easy to get a shoemaker's specialty at a vocational school. This is quite enough to master the basic skills and knowledge. However, you also need to have real talent, natural abilities, a penchant for the profession. Only in this case, you can become a true master of "golden hands". It is worth noting that a vocational school graduate will be able to work in a shoe factory or repair shoes in a workshop. If a person has a desire to work in a tailoring studio, and not just shoe repair, he will probably have to go a little further in the process of acquiring the proper level of skill, namely, to graduate from the institute of light industry. By the way, with a higher education of such a plan, it will be possible to work at a shoe factory, but in a higher position than an ordinary shoemaker. Accordingly, the wages of shoemakers with a university behind them are much more solid.

famous shoemaker

International Shoemaker's Day is a great occasion to talk about the creator of the hairpins beloved by all women.

Among the shoemakers in the old days were professionals who became famous all over the world thanks to their skill. June 5 marks the 121st anniversary of the birth of one of these geniuses of shoemaking - Salvatore Ferragamo, the creator of women's stilettos, beloved by many today. The Italian master was a connoisseur of beauty, distinguished by a subtle artistic perception, a developed sense of taste and style, as well as a creative nature, otherwise he would not have been able to reveal his brainchild to the world.

Salvatore was born into a large family. He himself, as well as his 13 sisters and brothers, due to terrible poverty, were forced to wear shoes exclusively on holidays. Apparently, this fact gave impetus to the choice of Ferragamo's future specialty.

Salvatore made his first pair of shoes at the age of nine. The shoes were meant for his sister. When the shoemaker became an adult, he was very successful in his profession and opened his own store in Santa Barbara, specializing in tailoring shoes. Salvatore's masterpieces were very popular with Hollywood stars. For this reason, Ferragamo was called "the king of shoemakers and the shoemaker of kings."

It is worth noting that Salvatore studied all his life. At the University of California, he gained knowledge of engineering and anatomy. This allowed the master to create shoes that fit perfectly on the foot.

Do not forget to congratulate your familiar shoemakers on November 26 on their professional holiday, International Shoemaker's Day! Wish them health and success in their craft!

Dear readers, please don't forget to subscribe to our channel

Tatyana Stebunova

Educational areas: knowledge, communication.

Target:

Summarize children's knowledge about shoes.

Tasks:

Describe the origin of footwear.

Form ideas about how shoes change over time.

Consolidate knowledge of the properties of materials6 fur, leather, rubber, felt.

To develop sensory perception in children through examination.

Material and equipment:

various shoes for the exhibition

shoe images

pieces of materials (rubber, leather, fur, felt)

Vocabulary work:

Develop coherent speech, the ability to analyze, draw conclusions.

Exercise in the correct name of the words of the plural, genitive case.

Preliminary work:

topic conversations. ,

selection of various footwear and organization of the exhibition.

reading of Chukovsky's poem "The Miracle Tree".

The course of the learning session.

Do you love riddles? Having guessed my riddle, you will understand what will be discussed today.

"We always walk together

Similar like brothers

We are at dinner under the table,

And at night under the bed

That's right, it's about shoes.

I invite you to an exhibition of shoes called "Different shoes are needed, every shoe is important."

How many shoes do you think a person needs. By reason

(Children tell what and why shoes are needed)

That's right: simple, insulated boots, rubber boots,

ski, flip flops, sandals, party shoes and so on.

We have to change clothes several times a day.

In the morning, getting out of bed, the first thing we do is look for room shoes under the bed.

Before going to school, to work, we put on shoes, boots, boots.

At work, many also change clothes, there may be special shoes,

for example, boots for workers in a factory.

In the evening, going to the theater, we put on beautiful shoes.

We are all used to shoes. It seems so ordinary, as if a person has always had it.

But no, not always!

The most ordinary shoe has a very long and very interesting history.

(The teacher reads to the children “When did shoes appear?”)

Let's try, how did primitive people walk on sharp stones without shoes?

(Children walk along the stone path with one undressed leg.)

What are your feelings? (poignantly, painfully, unpleasantly, uncomfortable).

And for a shod foot? (easily, freely, confidently)

Guys, who makes the shoes? (shoemaker, shoemaker)

Yes, this profession appeared - 5 thousand years ago. And year after year, shoemakers made more comfortable, more durable, more beautiful shoes. Among the shoemakers were great masters of their craft. They sewed beautiful, elegant shoes made of colored leather with shiny buckles and beautiful patterns.

Guys, pay attention to what beautiful shoes have grown on the “miracle tree”.

(The teacher reads an excerpt from the poem "miracle tree")

And now let's play the reverse game with the martyr.

Educator - children

Got boots, no boots

Boots - boot

Slippers - slippers

Slippers - slippers

Sandals - sandals

Shoes - shoes

Sandals - sandals

Slippers - slippers

Physical education "Funny legs"

For a long time, the most common material for making shoes was animal skin.

What is the value of leather?

Correctly, it is soft, flexible, it can be stitched, punched, glued.

Take a piece of leather and tell me what it is?

(durable, soft, light)

But the most valuable thing about her is that she "breathes", i.e.

Passes air through its pores or holes. Therefore, in leather shoes, the foot feels good, does not get tired, does not sweat. What other material can shoes be made from? (rubber, fur, felt, cloth)

Remember what shoes you walked on frosty days? (in felt boots)

What material are they made from? (from felt)

What are the properties of this material? (dense, warm, permeable)

It is made from sheep's wool.

And if it gets warmer outside, what will we wear? (leather boots)

Leather boots or shoes are insulated with fur so that they can be worn even in cold weather.

And here the streams and puddles appeared, what then do we have on our feet? (rubber boots)

Guys, today we got acquainted with various shoes and the materials from which they are made.

At home, take a look at your family's shoes and tell us about what weather they should be worn in and what they are made of!

And finally, we will play the game "Find your pair"

(children take off one shoe at a time and blindfold look for their pair of shoes)

It was as if there had always been a shoe repair shop in the House of Consumer Services, and as if Raisa Anatolyevna Borisova had always worked here. And it's almost true. Having gone through a series of reorganizations, survived free-floating, and transformed into a small business, the shoe repair studio continues to work for the residents of Kronstadt, and Raisa Anatolyevna manages it.

Today Kronkob LLC employs seven people: chief accountant Galina Kolenikovna Chuprigina; shoemakers Sergey Alekseevich Korotkov, Vitaly Viktorovich Pyatakov and Vladimir Vasilyevich Shulyar, two receptionists: Natalya Zuderman and Maria Krasnoslobodtseva.

Raisa Anatolyevna graduated from the Leningrad Mechanical and Technological College of Light Industry and in 1967 began to work in the House of Consumer Services of Kronstadt by distribution. The sphere of consumer services, oddly enough for us to hear it today, was just beginning to develop. The young specialist worked as a receptionist for two years, replacing the heads of neighboring departments during the holidays: in dry cleaning and the Bureau of Good Offices. However, not for long. Already two years after the start of her career, Raisa Anatolyevna herself became the head. And there would be in her work book one single entry about the place of work, if not for the transformations in our country. Back in Soviet times, the Kronstadt atelier for the repair and tailoring of shoes was attached to the Leningrad association "Neva", and in 1991 free swimming began for all enterprises of the consumer market.

Not everyone was able to adapt to the new conditions, but Kronkob did. And although life stereotypes are also changing, and many prefer not to repair shoes, but to buy them only for one season, there are people who respect good, neat and high-quality shoes that need to be repaired in order to wear them for several seasons.

How to buy good shoes and how to care for them so that they last longer? - we are interested in the shoemaker No. 1 Vladimir Vasilyevich.

The sole of the shoe should be wider than the long edge of the insole. If the sole is narrow, then when worn, the edges of the boots or shoes will lie on the asphalt and holes will turn out. Look after? Wipe and clean, in wet weather apply water-repellent creams, wax. Well, do not wear it out - change the heels in time, without erasing the heels to the ground. And one more thing: to repair shoes not at the beginning, but at the end of the season. Often, both to go hunting and feed the dogs. If you forgot to tidy up your demi-season shoes, then it's time to do it in the winter. In the spring, shoemakers have a lot of work to do.