How much is the minimum wage from May 1. New minimum wage: how employers raise wages without raising them
Since May 1, 2018, the minimum wage has been equated to the subsistence minimum for the able-bodied population in the second quarter of last year, and now amounts to 11,163 rubles. The decision to gradually increase the minimum wage to the subsistence level was made last year.
From January 1, 2018, the minimum wage increased to 9,489 rubles, which amounted to 80% of the subsistence minimum. He was supposed to reach one hundred percent from January 1 next year, but the president decided that it was not worth delaying with this.
“We have the opportunity from May 1 of this year to equalize the minimum wage and the cost of living, we will do it,” the president said at a meeting with workers of the Tver Carriage Works.
According to the Minister of Labor and Social Protection Maxim Topilin, the May increase in the minimum wage may affect about 3 million Russians, of which 1.6 million are employed in state and municipal institutions.
“When we considered raising the minimum wage from May 1, the explanatory note talked about 5 million citizens, and the vast majority of these citizens work in the public sector,” said Yaroslav, head of the committee on labor, social protection and veterans’ affairs.
According to State Duma deputy Mikhail Shchapov, there are serious disagreements between the regions and the Ministry of Finance over the number of state employees who need to increase the minimum wage. “Regions give the amount on average 15-20% more than the calculations. For now, the Ministry of Finance promises to synchronize the lists, ”the Gazeta.Ru interlocutor cited the data.
Yaroslav Nilov is skeptical about the forecasts of the Central Bank, “especially after the statements about the existence of the Olivier index and the herring index under a fur coat.”
“Firstly, we do not know what the situation will be in the country, in the world by the end of 2018. We see how our national currency collapses sharply against the dollar and the euro within a month, how the financial markets are in a fever. What's next for the economy? How will external sanctions affect it and the purchasing power of the population? No one can say for sure, ”said the head of the State Duma Committee on Labor.
According to Mikhail Shchapov, the increase in the minimum wage in the regions may be much more than 2,000 rubles. The subjects have their own minimum wage and living wage, which are often higher than federal indicators.
“The Constitutional Court quite rightly ordered to take into account district allowances when raising the minimum wage. For example, in my Irkutsk region, taking into account regional allowances, since May, the minimum wage should be 17,860 rubles in the southern territories, and taking into account the northern coefficients - 27,907,” the deputy noted.
Equalize their minimum wage and subsistence or not, the regions will decide on their own. In any case, from May 1, the salary cannot be lower than 11,163 rubles. True, in deputy circles they call it a "subsistence minuscule." According to Nilov, the family cannot live on this money, and even if there are children.
"This is not enough. There are territories in Russia where utility bills amount to 7-8 thousand rubles. You can’t live on the remaining 2-3 thousand rubles, ”Schapov agreed.
Nilov drew attention to the fact that the amount of the new minimum wage is withheld income tax of 13%. It turns out that the size of the minimum wage has not yet caught up with the subsistence minimum.
Even during the discussion of the draft law on raising the minimum wage, Topilin himself admitted that such a problem exists.
Earlier, the director of the Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting noted that personal income tax should have been added to the subsistence minimum.
“Or the second option is to introduce a tax rate of zero on the minimum wage. I am more impressed by the second option, that income in the amount of the subsistence minimum is taxed at a zero rate, ”said the expert.
Nilov offers two solutions. The first option is to raise the minimum wage with a flat taxation scale to a level where, even after deducting income tax, it will correspond to the real subsistence minimum, which the deputies estimate at 20,000 rubles. However, earlier the prime minister, in response to this proposal, said that there was no money for this in the budget. The second option is to introduce a progressive personal income tax scale, within which a tax-free minimum, for example, one and a half minimum wages, should be set.
With the increase in the minimum wage, according to deputy Shchapov, another serious problem arose. In some cases, the salaries of low-skilled specialists have actually caught up with those of high-skilled ones.
“It seriously demotivates the latter. People do not understand why they should work in more responsible positions, with a greater load and at the same time receive a salary at the level of a technician, or a cleaning lady, ”said the source of Gazeta.Ru.
In his opinion, the question of a proportional increase in wages for all state employees is already on the agenda. According to the most conservative estimates, this will require about 10 times more than was originally planned for raising the minimum wage - about 400-500 billion rubles.
We witnessed an increase in the minimum wage to 85% of the subsistence level of the able-bodied population on January 1, 2018. Previously, it was expected that the minimum wage would be equal to the subsistence minimum for the II quarter of the previous calendar year only on January 1, 2019. However, the deadline has been moved to May 1, 2018.
In 2018, the minimum wage changed twice: from January 1, 2018, its size was set at the level of 9,489 rubles, and from May 1, 2018, it approached the amount of 11,163 rubles.
The minimum wage from January 2019 will increase by 117 rubles. The living wage in Russia in the second quarter of 2018 for the working-age population, according to the Ministry of Labor, is 11,280 rubles. (). According to him, the minimum monthly salary should correspond. Therefore, the minimum wage - 2019 will be 11,280 rubles.
On December 25, 2018, the President signed an agreement providing for an increase in the minimum wage from January 1, 2019.
Salary below the minimum wage: liability and fines
Why is the MRO important? For many reasons. First of all, wages depend on it. The employer does not have the right to pay full-time employees a salary below the minimum wage, as stated in: “The monthly salary of an employee who has fully worked out the norm of working hours for this period and fulfilled labor standards (labor duties) cannot be lower than the minimum payroll."
GIT on its official website specifies that wages may be less than the minimum wage if the employee works part-time or part-time. “The salary may be less than the minimum wage. The salary includes, in addition to the salary, compensation payments, various allowances and incentive payments (). Thus, taking into account all salary increments or incentives, the employee receives an amount greater than or equal to the minimum wage. If the employee's salary is still less than the established minimum wage, the employer must make an additional payment up to the minimum wage.
The employer must understand that he is at great risk if his employees receive wages below the minimum wage. The labor inspectorate can fine him. According to, such a violation entails a warning or the imposition of an administrative fine on officials in the amount of 10,000 to 20,000 rubles; for legal entities - from 30,000 to 50,000 rubles.
For a repeated violation, a fine for officials ranges from 20,000 to 30,000 rubles. or disqualification for a period of one to three years; for legal entities - from 50,000 to 100,000 rubles.
Regional minimum wage
Insurance premiums and minimum wage
Since 2018, insurance premiums have been decoupled from the minimum wage. That is, from January 1, 2018, according to, the amount of insurance premiums for mandatory pension insurance and compulsory health insurance that individual entrepreneurs pay for themselves are not related to the minimum wage and the tariff rate.
Individual entrepreneurs will have to pay the appropriate contributions to the above extra-budgetary funds in the amount established.
Insurance premiums for mandatory pension insurance for individual entrepreneurs in 2019 will be:
- in the event that the payer's income does not exceed 300,000 rubles, - 29,354 rubles. (fixed size);
- in the event that the value of the income of the weaver exceeds 300,000 rubles, - 29,354 rubles. (fixed amount) + 1% of the payer's income exceeding 300,000 rubles, but not more than 8 x 29,354 rubles.
The total amount of contributions for compulsory pension insurance should not exceed 234,832 rubles.
Insurance premiums for compulsory health insurance in 2019 will amount to 6,884 rubles. in a fixed amount.
The minimum wage in Russia from May 1, 2018 will increase to the level of the subsistence minimum and will amount to 11,163 rubles instead of today's - 9,489 rubles. It is expected that along with the minimum wage, the salaries of Russian state employees will also increase. A new law on raising the minimum wage on behalf of Russian President Vladimir Putin was developed by officials of the Ministry of Labor. The State Duma of the Russian Federation adopted it in the first reading on December 7, in the second reading on February 15, and in the third reading on February 16, 2018.
Let us tell you in more detail what the law on raising the minimum wage from May 1, 2018 in Russia is like. The official text of the document is also published in the article along with fragments of the explanatory note.
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At the end of 2017, Russian President Vladimir Putin took the initiative to equalize the minimum wage and the living wage. On his behalf, it was developed and adopted, in accordance with which, since 2018, the minimum wage has increased by 21.7% and amounted to 9,489 rubles. This is 85% of the subsistence level of the able-bodied population. It was planned to equalize these two indicators since 2019, however, the improvement in economic indicators made it possible to force events.
“We still have positive dynamics in the Russian economy – we have a smaller budget deficit than we expected, our gold and foreign exchange reserves are growing. That is, the Russian economy is on the rise, and this trend continues. We have the opportunity to equalize the minimum wage and the subsistence minimum from May 1 of this year, we will do it.”, - said Vladimir Putin.
It is expected that the adoption of the law on increasing the minimum wage from May 1, 2018 in Russia will have a positive impact on the most vulnerable sections of the working population:
- state employees;
- working pensioners;
- small business employees.
Their salaries will grow along with the minimum wage. The increase in the minimum wage, according to preliminary calculations, will affect 3-4 million workers who now actually live below the poverty line.
“The adoption of the Draft Law will make it possible to increase the minimum wage to 100% of the subsistence level of the able-bodied population as early as 2018 (from May 1). Raising the minimum wage will help improve the quality of jobs, increase the effective demand of the population for goods and services. Based on the Rosstat survey data for April 2017, according to the Russian Ministry of Labor, the number of employees with wages below the subsistence level of the able-bodied population in the whole Russian Federation is 4 million people, of which 1.6 million people are in the public sector. Taking into account the increase in the minimum wage in accordance with Law No. 421, the implementation of the Draft Law from May 1, 2018 will affect 3 million people, of which 1.6 million are employed in state and municipal institutions”, says in explanatory note to the bill.
From May 1, 2018, when the minimum wage will be increased in accordance with the updated Federal Law "On the minimum wage", it will not be possible to pay wages below the "minimum wage" - this will be a violation of labor legislation. An employee with such a salary will be able to complain about the employer to the State Labor Inspectorate, the prosecutor's office and the court. And the truth will be on his side. Since most of the “working poor” are state employees in regions with poor economic development, it has already been officially announced that the federal center will co-finance the indexation of their salaries. The economic effect of such budget spending should cover the costs of wage increases.
Federal law "On the minimum wage" and the Labor Code of the Russian Federation
In accordance with Article 133 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the minimum wage cannot be lower than the subsistence level. However, for many years this norm of labor legislation was not implemented, and the increase in the “minimum wage” was postponed due to a lack of budget funds. After the adoption of the federal law on increasing the minimum wage from May 1, 2018, the actual state of affairs will be brought into line with the law.
In the future, the minimum wage will always be equal to the subsistence minimum for the second quarter of the previous year. In the event of a decrease in the cost of the consumer basket and the minimum set of services, on which the subsistence minimum depends, the minimum wage will remain at the same level. The new law does not provide for a reduction in the minimum wage.
The official text of the law on the minimum wage from May 1
the federal law
On Amendments to Article 1 of the Federal Law
“On the Minimum Wage”
Article 1
Include in Article 1 of the Federal Law of June 19, 2000 No. 82-FZ "On the Minimum Wage" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2000, No. 26, Art. 2729; 2002, No. 18, Art. 1722; 2003, No. 40 , item 3818; 2005, No. 1, item 24; 2007, No. 17, item 1930; 2008, No. 26, item 3010; 2011, No. 23, item 3246; 2012, No. 50, item 6955; 2013, No. 49, article 6337; 2014, No. 49, article 6917; 2015, No. 51, article 7247; 2016, No. 23, article 3288; No. 52, article 7509; Official Internet portal of legal information ( www.pravo.gov.ru), December 29, 2017, No. 0001201712290015) amended, setting out part one as follows: “Article 1. Set the minimum wage from May 1, 2018 in the amount of 11,163 rubles per month.”.
From January 1, 2019, the minimum wage is 11,280 rubles (+1.05%) (Order of the Ministry of Labor on August 24, 2018 No. 550n).
From May 1, 2018, the minimum wage is 11,163 rubles (+17.6%), i.e. equates to the federal subsistence minimum for employees (Federal Law No. 41-FZ dated March 7, 2018)
The coefficient and percentage bonus for work in the regions of the Far North and areas equivalent to them are charged in excess of the minimum wage, and are not included in it.
Table of the regional minimum wage for 2018 for the subjects of Russia. More precisely, this is called the Minimum Wage in the Regions (MW). Not all regions have raised the minimum wage above the federal level.
In fact, the salary of an employee, given out on hand, may be lower than the minimum wage of the region, since the minimum wage is calculated from the accrued salary, i.e. before withholding income tax. Accordingly, with an accrued salary of 1 minimum wage (9,489 rubles), the amount of payment to the employee in hand is reduced by the amount of personal income tax. Also, the calculation of the sick leave may not be lower than the calculation based on the local minimum wage.
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From May 1, 2018, the minimum wage is 11,163 rubles (+17.6%), i.e. equates to the federal subsistence minimum for employees (Federal Law No. 41-FZ dated March 7, 2018).
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 Rice. Dynamics of inflation in Russia 2000-2017 |
MRO 2019.
You can find out about the size of the minimum wage and its changes in 2017 in the article Minimum wage 2017.
You can find out about the size of the minimum wage and its changes in 2016 in the article
The minimum wage is set both in Russia as a whole and separately in the regions, taking into account local specifics - living standards, prices for goods and services, and the subsistence minimum. Moscow turned out to be one of the regions where a tripartite agreement established a regional minimum wage, which, unlike the federal one, has not changed for more than a year.
Let us tell you in more detail what is the current minimum wage in Moscow in 2018 from May 1 and what factors affect its value. We note right away that the minimum wage in 2018 from May 1 in Moscow is the highest in Russia.
Significance and application
The minimum minimum wage is a legally established amount of monetary remuneration, below which the earnings of a person who has fully performed the duties stipulated by his position cannot be lower. For non-compliance with the requirements of the law, the employer faces administrative punishment under article 5.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.
The size, procedure for determining and scope of the minimum wage are prescribed in the Federal Law No. 82-FZ “On the Minimum Wage” dated 06/19/2000.
Depending on the source of funding, when making settlements with employees, companies and organizations are required to take into account one of the types of minimum wages:
- approved by federal law. Applies to employees of enterprises financed from the federal budget;
- regional - the size of the minimum wage in Moscow and other subjects is fixed in agreements concluded by local authorities, representatives of employers and trade unions. Mandatory for the non-budgetary sector of the economy.
The indicator is used to calculate:
- the amount of taxes, fines and fees;
- payments for child care and "maternity";
- the amount of benefits temporarily disabled.
What does it include?
The amount prescribed in the regulations is the lower limit of wages. At the same time, after all deductions (income tax, mandatory contributions, alimony), the actually paid earnings may be lower than the established amount - the legislation requires compliance with the minimum wage of the accrued salary (before deducting personal income tax).
What components are included in wages, explains article 129 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation:
- salary;
- surcharges and allowances;
- premiums.
In some regions, when calculating the minimum wage, only the employee's salary is taken into account. The minimum wage in Moscow, like the basic federal one, includes additional payments.
According to article 133 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, payment for work performed cannot be lower than the approved amount if the employee:
- worked a full month;
- fulfilled the relevant qualifications and position duties.
Part-time workers and part-time workers receive payment in proportion to the time they have worked: for example, the minimum wage for a part-time employee is 50% of the minimum wage.
Minimum wage and living wage
Labor legislation prescribes, when approving the minimum wage, to rely on the subsistence minimum - a consumer basket converted into a monetary equivalent (products, non-food products and services necessary to maintain human life and health).
The living wage is calculated separately:
- on children;
- for pensioners;
- for able-bodied citizens.
At the same time, the age needs of the body and the socio-economic activity of each group are taken into account. The highest value is set for workers, it is the benchmark in determining the minimum wage.
However, contrary to the norms of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Article 133), at the beginning of 2018, the minimum wage in Russia lagged behind the subsistence minimum for an able-bodied person (9,489 rubles and 11,163 rubles, respectively). Equalized indicators (living wage and minimum wage) from May 1, 2018, when the amendments provided for
Scheduled revision of the federal minimum wage - from January 1 of the next year. The legislation stipulates the conditions for making adjustments - an increase in the subsistence minimum for an adult in April-June. The minimum wage will not be reduced.
On March 28, 2018, a group of communist deputies proposed raising the minimum wage to 25,000 rubles from January 1, 2019 (the registration number of the bill is No. 427393-7). According to the authors of the initiative, the measures taken to increase the minimum wage (up to the subsistence minimum for the second quarter of the previous year) are not enough to improve the quality of life of employed citizens.
Minimum wage in Moscow
From January 1, 2018, the minimum wage for employees of capital enterprises and organizations is 18,742 rubles. The minimum wage in Moscow has been kept at this level since October 2017. The previous value of 17,642 rubles was valid for only three months - from July 1 to September 30, 2017.
The minimum wage is reviewed every three months, after updating the data on the subsistence minimum. The quarterly update of the indicator is required by the Moscow tripartite agreement concluded at the end of 2015 for 2016-2018. This document dictates the procedure for determining and approves the size of the minimum wage, contains requirements for the payment of severance pay and compensation for delayed wages. According to the agreement, after the increase in the subsistence minimum for an able-bodied Muscovite, the minimum wage will increase from the first day of the next month.
The minimum wage in Moscow since May 1, 2018 (18,742 rubles) is higher than the subsistence minimum for the able-bodied population, which is 17,990 rubles. There are no grounds for changing the minimum wage yet: the minimum wage in Moscow has remained at the same level of 18,742 rubles since July 1, 2018.
Companies that do not agree with the provisions of the agreement should, within 30 days after the publication of new data on the regional minimum wage, submit a reasoned refusal (financial insolvency or other good reason) to join the agreement.
