Assortment list of stationery sample filling. How to make an assortment list of goods for entrepreneurs

Assortment of the store - enumeration of groups of goods sold. You do not have to indicate all the names in it, you just need to think about what products you will order from suppliers and sell. After you decide on the scope of work, it's time to draw up an assortment list of goods. Back in 1983, a sample of this document was developed, which can be used by IP. Now it has lost its relevance, in connection with this, the regulatory authorities accept the form in an arbitrary form. Since 2017, it has been required almost everywhere.

How the assortment is formed

Assortment list must be prepared before starting work commercial enterprise. To create it, it is best to marketing research. If before the start of registration of an individual entrepreneur you drew up a business plan and calculated the risks, then this work has already been done for you. Otherwise, to create a document, decide on:

store location;
the purchasing needs of potential customers;
volumes of purchases, places of storage of goods;
frequency of production or purchases;
Responsible person for ensuring the assortment of the store.

Since the list must be created and signed by the store manager, at the first stage of trading it is best if he takes on the responsibility of purchasing products.

This will allow you to make timely changes to the form, to certify them.

What is shown in the list

For individual entrepreneurs No special conditions to create an assortment list. Creating a list will take you a lot of time if the store sells spare parts or a large number of different items. Try to immediately take into account all the needs of buyers, especially if you are going to sell products and spare parts. If you decide to expand the range and purchase something that is not on the approved list, you will have to change the document. This will delay the start of the sale of goods. It is easiest to describe large non-food items.

Formation of the assortment of the store

Sometimes store managers argue like this: why do we need to understand "bookish" product classifications, categories, etc.? The store already exists, the assortment has long been defined, well, yes, something is added, something is dropped. We need to optimize the assortment, not form it. On the one hand, such directors are right - at their core, the assortment, most likely, should not be changed (if the store is generally effective). On the other hand, the situation does not stand still: the market for goods is developing, competitors are also developing, and all this needs to be monitored and kept in step with the times. Otherwise, buyers will quickly feel you are lagging behind and you will start losing sales. Without understanding the correct approaches to the classification of goods and the formation of an assortment, you will not be able to answer many "simple" but frequently asked questions:

Do we need 378 teas or is 200 enough? Or 150? If 200 is enough, which ones should be left and which should be removed? And what should be included in the assortment instead?

Maybe we will buy XO cognac, last year one time a buyer drove a Mercedes to our stall and asked for French cognac?

28 types of canned green peas - is this a lot or normal?

What assortment of New Year's goods should we buy? Do you need Santa Claus toilet paper? Or maybe buy New Year's dishes?

These questions only seem simple, in fact, the wrong answer can cause significant negative consequences. Let's consider an example from practice. Grocery store, located in the suburbs of a small city with a population of about 300 thousand inhabitants, has an area of about 170 m2. There are about 2,000 items in the assortment, mainly food products for every day: dairy products, bread, water, sausages, freezing, cereals and pasta, confectionery, etc. The store is located next to the bus stop, around - wooden houses. After two cases of “arrival” of rather wealthy citizens who, according to the store employees, made purchases for impressive amounts, it was decided to purchase elite strong alcohol: whiskey, cognac, expensive vodka. They bought it, but more wealthy citizens did not stop by, and a year later the store decided what to do with this product. And the locals, looking at expensive alcohol in a closed glass cabinet, were constantly annoyed: “How expensive, who will buy this!” Conclusion: before making decisions on the introduction of goods into the assortment, you need to understand the possible consequences. Consider how to approach the formation of the assortment, what you need to pay attention to.

Range- This is a list of goods sold in the store, compiled by types, types, varieties, sizes and brands.

The range is characterized by three main indicators:

The breadth of the assortment (how many product groups the store offers);

Depth of assortment (how many items of goods are offered in each product group);

Balanced assortment (how successful is the combination of different product groups in terms of store format, customer needs and price range).

The formation of the assortment of the store and its management depends on:

The strategic goals of the company;

Features of the target and secondary groups of buyers;

Available resources (finance, suppliers, etc.).

Often, the formation of the assortment is approached on the principle of "buy and see how it goes." The result of this approach is well known to many: the store turns into a museum, and the goods - into museum exhibits that can be viewed without going beyond the fence. The other extreme is trusting words sales representatives who sincerely believe that their product is the best and most popular. It is not a fact that a product that sells quickly in a store in a neighboring area will be equally popular with your customers.

To form the assortment of the store, you need to draw up and determine the following positions.

I. Commodity classifier- the structure of the assortment, the list of classes, groups, subgroups, categories that make up the assortment of the store (Table 2.1, 2.2). Traditionally, a product classifier consists of five levels of hierarchy. Each level can have its own name, although this is not required.

1st level(often defined as a class of goods) - the highest level of generalization, for example, "foodstuffs" and "non-grocery goods" or " clothes" and "shoes" - that is, what in the view of the buyer is united by a common functional purpose. For example, “food products” are what they eat, and “non-food products” are what they don’t eat at all, “clothes” are what they wear on the body, “shoes” are what they wear on their feet.

2nd level(often defined as a product group) is a set of goods united by some common features - type of product, method of production, etc. ( For example, "dairy products", " bakery products», « women's clothing”, “men's shoes”, “furniture”, “lamps”, “home accessories”).

3rd level(often defined as a product category) is a collection of products that the buyer perceives as similar to each other, or products that are combined sharing. Simply put, a product category is what a customer goes to the store to buy. For milk, kefir and yoghurts (and not for dairy products). For a T-shirt, T-shirt and sweater (not knitwear). For shoes, boots and sandals (and not for shoes). Behind the vacuum cleaner, washing machine and heater (and not behind household appliances). Behind the sofa in the living room, desk and bookcase (and not behind the furniture).

4th and 5th levels(often defined as subcategories or segments of categories) are products that are grouped according to some intraspecific characteristics. For example, milk within its category is divided by type of milk ( cow, goat, buffalo); by type of processing ( sterilized, pasteurized, melted); by fat content. Shoes are divided according to the material of manufacture into shoes from genuine leather, PU leather shoes, cloth shoes, etc. In addition, shoes can be divided by style - classic, sport, comfort, party, etc. Televisions, for example, are divided into LCD TVs, plasma TVs and electric tube TVs. Also, TVs are divided by screen size. It is important that the most important properties (characteristics) of the product should be taken as the basis for singling out the 4th and 5th levels of the commodity classifier. At the same time, some products may have 3, 4 or 5 levels in the hierarchy of the product classifier, i.e. 5 is the maximum number of levels.

A product classifier with set shares of groups/categories can be compared to a basket with many cells of different sizes and shapes, each of which contains certain goods. For example, we have a clothing store. First, we divide the entire assortment into women's, men's, children's clothes - this will be the most high level generalizations in the commodity classifier. Each type of clothing should have a certain share in the assortment, for example, we will have 33% of each group of clothing in the assortment. Further, within each part, we determine what types of clothing and in what quantity we will present: either by brands, or by types of clothing, or by collections. For example, we decided that women's clothing will be represented by three lines: casual (casual) - 50%, business (office) - 30% and evening (evening) - 20%. Next, we divide everyday clothes into capsules, and capsules into types of clothing (capsule: jacket, skirt, trousers, etc.). The smallest cell (lowest level of classification) is the description of the heading: women's long-sleeved cropped jacket made of cotton with elastane. This cell can be filled with a certain number of jackets: pink or green, with or without patch pockets, with lace inserts or with fur trim - depending on the tastes of the target customers, fashion trends season, suppliers' offers and the chosen direction of the store.

Table 2.1. Examples of compiling commodity classifiers (excerpts)

Food

Household appliances and electronics

Jewelry

Table 2.2. Sample assortment lists Foodstuffs

Appliances

Jewelry

In practice, the compilation of a product classifier is one of the most difficult stages of work on the formation and optimization of the assortment. First, there are no "universal" or standard product classifiers - each store or retail chain has its own product classifier. This is due to differences in the assortment of stores, so the grouping of goods also differs. For example, in a supermarket with a small retail space two product groups - "Diabetic nutrition" and "Healthy nutrition" - can be combined into one group with a reduction in the assortment inside (for example, there will be no soy products or nutrition for athletes). In a hypermarket, dishes and gifts will make up two different product groups (categories), and in a small (about 500 m2) store, dishes and gifts will make up one category with two subcategories. And in the latter case, this category will no longer include pots, pans, the range of dishes will be closer to the gift: French presses, gift-wrapped tea pairs, salt-pepper shakers, etc.

When compiling a product classifier, it is important to provide for an excessive number of product groups and categories so that in the future, when introducing new types of goods, there is no need to change the classifier itself and, accordingly, product codes.

The next important point is the observance of internal consistency and consistency in the preparation of a commodity classifier. A logically correct classifier combines groups of goods with the same level of generalization at the same level.

Correctly:

Car oils:

Automobile oils of domestic production.

Not properly:

Car oils:

Imported motor oils;

Automobile oils of domestic production;

Car oils brand "X".

Or, for example, it is impossible within the framework household appliances distinguish between large household appliances, small household appliances, audio-video equipment and computer equipment, since large and small household appliances are distinguished on the basis of size (dimensions) of equipment, and audio-video equipment and computer technology- based on purpose. In this case, it is logical to single out kitchen appliances and home appliances instead of large and small household appliances.

It is also extremely important that the classifier CANNOT HAVE hierarchy levels with names: “outdated”, “illiquid”, “stock”, “old”, “miscellaneous”, “what is to be withdrawn from the assortment”, “what is nowhere did not enter”, etc. If it turns out that there are goods that “did not fit anywhere”, most likely, a revision of the classification grounds is required. It is advisable not to allow this, thinking in advance to what extent the name of the level may or may not include all the intended headings. Marking of illiquid goods, goods to be withdrawn from the assortment, etc. must be carried out in information system companies in another way, for example, you can enter the so-called "product status", which can have several options:

Actual product (to be sold in chain stores),

Obsolete goods (purchases are not carried out, there is a sale of existing balances),

New product (product recently introduced into the assortment on a "trial period"),

Irrelevant product (product completely withdrawn from the range),

Seasonal item (item subject to sale only during certain periods).

It is also important to correctly formulate the names of the levels in the product classifier: they cannot name, for example, “grocery 1” and “grocery 2”. The names of groups, subgroups, categories should differ in meaning from each other and imply different content - each group has its own, specific set of goods that can no longer be attributed to another group, subgroup, category. This is a very important point, the possibility (or impossibility) of conducting effective analysis assortment.

Often the question arises, where to put seasonal goods? For example, the penknife that appears with "picnic supplies" - is it "cooking/serving utensils and accessories" or "picnic supplies"? Do New Year's napkins refer to "napkins" or to "New Year's seasonal goods"? As a rule, if a product by its nature can be attributed to the main (permanent, non-seasonal) product group / category, then it should be attributed to it. For example, New Year's napkins - to "napkins". In this case, it just makes sense to organize an additional point of sale for New Year's napkins next to other New Year's goods. But Christmas decorations, tinsel, Christmas trees will make up the actual seasonal category "New Year's goods". A penknife, which is designed specifically for camping conditions, should be classified as "picnic goods."

Thus, the basis for the formation of the assortment is the compilation of a classifier of goods, which, on the one hand, must correspond to the tree of purchasing decisions target audience(more on this in the next section), on the other hand, to be logically correct, since it is on it that the whole accounting system. And one more thing: we must not forget for whom the classifier is ultimately built - for a procurement specialist, a merchandiser, an operator for receiving goods, i.e. for those who are directly related to the purchase and accounting of goods movement. Therefore, the classifier should be convenient for use by these particular employees.

II. Assortment list (assortment matrix)- this is a list of product names to fill in all cells without exception in the "basket" of the product classifier. This list is a variable value, since there are always some changes: they removed the product from the assortment, introduced a new one, etc.

For convenience, you can enter the columns “supplier”, “category manager”, etc. into the assortment list.

The assortment list is divided into three types:

1) assortment minimum, or the so-called "basic" assortment, i.e. a list of goods to be sold in all stores of the network;

2) assortment lists of formats / regions / stores, i.e. lists of goods to be sold in stores of a certain format, or a certain region, or a specific store;

3) general assortment list - a list of all goods available for sale in a chain of stores.

III. Matrix "Supplier-product"- this is already a list of specific commodity items and all suppliers that supply these goods. Relevant only for those stores that have many suppliers for one type of product. If the store is mono- or multi-brand, then such a matrix is not compiled. Such a matrix is a tool for the procurement of goods and supply management (Table 2.3).

Table 2.3. Matrix "Supplier of goods"

IV. Shares of product groups/categories/subcategories and commodity items in the assortment- how many certain goods should be presented as a percentage of the established total number of product items presented in the store.

Usually, the shares of product classes in the assortment are strictly regulated, since different classes of goods in one store are sold in completely different ways, have different profitability and require different management approaches. For example, it is necessary to strictly define the shares of food and non-food items, shares of clothes and shoes, shares of clothes, shoes, furniture, food, toys in a children's goods store.

In stores with a certain product specificity and a certain format, there are “settled” ratios. For example, in a hypermarket, about 40% of the assortment is made up of food products and about 60% of the assortment is non-food products. In the supermarket and department store, about 80% are food products, 20% are non-food products. Shoes in a mixed clothing and footwear store occupy no more than 10–15% of the assortment.

In a multi-profile children's goods store, clothes and shoes usually dominate, followed by toys and food, furniture in terms of share in the assortment in last place.

Regarding product groups and product categories, there are no strict regulations for the distribution of shares, they must be determined by the store itself, based on established practice, results financial efficiency and store positioning. For example, in ordinary jewelry stores of a low and medium price segment, the shares of product groups can be approximately the following:

Silver items - about 10%;

Gold items without inserts - about 20%;

Gold items with non-precious inserts - about 25%;

Products made of gold with inserts of ornamental stones - about 20%;

Gold items with semi-precious inserts - about 15%;

Gold items with precious inserts - about 10%.

On the chain - 25%;

Pendants - 20%;

Rings - 20%;

Earrings - 15%;

Bracelets - 10%;

Necklace - 7%;

Piercing - 3%.

V. Assortment minimum of goods, or "basic" assortment - a list of commodity items that must be constantly present in the assortment of the store, regardless of seasonal changes in the assortment. The assortment minimum is compiled on the basis of existing product groups and depends on the product specifics and store format. For example, normally - with a full assortment matrix - there should be five types of jackets with the required characteristics, and at least two.

The same is true in the food example: for example, juices are represented in a store by five brands in certain proportions (30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%). Brand number 1 should have a line of seven main types of juice: orange, apple, cherry, tomato, peach, pineapple, grape. Assortment minimum - the presence of the first four types of juice.

The "basic" assortment for chain stores is especially important: it must be present in all stores of the chain, regardless of the location and format of the store within the chain. This text is an introductory piece.

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Assortment lists for shops

Work on the formation of an assortment of goods in stores should, as a rule, end with the development of mandatory assortment lists for them, provided for by the "Procedure for the implementation trading activities and rules trade service population".

When developing assortment lists, they are guided by the following general requirements:

Have a wide range of goods in stores, which is allowed by the availability working capital, turnover volume and standards inventory, with the inclusion in the assortment of random goods that do not correspond to the purpose and profile of the store;

To provide the assortment of goods with the necessary stability and at the same time a certain flexibility, adapting it to changes in the demand of the population, seasonal, etc.;

To ensure, through the appropriate selection of goods, the conditions for the growth of trade and the improvement of the efficiency of the stores.

The assortment of goods established for each store is subject to constant changes under the influence of the production of goods and the consumer demand of the population. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically study these changes and take them into account in order to make the necessary adjustments to the mandatory assortment lists of stores in a timely manner. At the same time, some goods may be excluded from the mandatory assortment list, while others may be included in it.

Given the dynamic changes in the demand of the population and the conditions for the operation of enterprises for stores (consumer complexes in large stores), it is recommended to develop current and long-term assortment lists. The current list determines the range of goods for the coming period based on the availability of working capital, commodity resources and the range of goods produced by the industry. The long-term assortment model assumes full satisfaction of the population's demand for goods of this consumer purpose, taking into account the expansion of the production range of goods.

The assortment list project is developed by competent employees of the store - heads of complexes (departments, sections), merchandisers, experienced sales consultants with the involvement of marketers. The assortment list of the store is approved by its management.

The development of mandatory assortment lists of goods for stores contributes to a better satisfaction of customer demand, increasing the responsibility of individual sales workers for the constant availability of goods necessary for the population on sale.

Evaluation of the range of goods

In the process of trade, it is supposed to manage the product range in order to ensure the mandatory completeness of the assortment within the product groups, stability and timely supply. The management of the assortment of goods is associated with its quantitative assessment, which is carried out using the coefficients of completeness and stability (stability) of the assortment.

The assortment completeness ratio characterizes the compliance of the actual availability of goods at the trading enterprise at the time of verification with the approved mandatory assortment list and is calculated by the formula:

where Kn is the coefficient of completeness of the assortment of the store on a specific date;

Nf - the actual number of varieties of goods at the time of verification;

Na - the number of varieties of goods, provided for by the mandatory assortment list.

Since the completeness of the assortment of goods in stores is influenced by many often random factors, in order to level their influence and more correct assessment assortment, the coefficient of stability (stability) of the assortment is used, which characterizes the uninterrupted availability of goods on sale, provided for by the assortment list of the store, and is calculated by the formula

where Ke - the coefficient of stability of the assortment;

N 1, N 2, ..., Nn - the actual number of varieties of goods at the time of individual checks;

Na - the number of varieties of goods, provided for by the mandatory assortment list;

n is the number of checks.

The coefficients of completeness and stability of the assortment can be calculated both for the entire product range and for the assortment of individual product groups or consumer complexes. At the same time, only goods that are provided for the store by the mandatory assortment list are taken into account.

Analysis of the calculated coefficients allows you to evaluate the work on the formation of the assortment, make prompt decisions to improve commercial work these enterprises. These materials can be used when rewarding individual employees of enterprises.

Questions for self-control

1. What is the purpose of studying the demand of the population in trade?

2. What methods of studying demand are used in retail trade enterprises?

3. What determines the strategy assortment policy retailers?

4. How are the limits of specialization of enterprises justified?

5. What factors influence the construction of the assortment of goods in stores?

6. What principles should be followed when forming the assortment of goods in stores?

7. What is the procedure for forming the assortment of goods in stores?

8. By what criteria is the grouping of the range of goods consumer goods?

9. What is a mandatory assortment list of goods for a store, the procedure for its development and approval?

10. What indicators can be used to evaluate the completeness and stability (stability) of the range of goods, how to calculate these indicators?

Introduction

Shop Feature

Store assortment

Acceptance of goods by quantity and quality

Conditions and terms of storage of goods in the store

Organization of commodity examination on the example of drinking milk

Organization of preparation of goods for sale

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

Commodity-technological practice is aimed at consolidating and deepening knowledge, practical skills in the discipline "Commodity Science", developing professional skills, forming an idea of the conditions, the specifics of the activities of food and food-trading enterprises in the system of market relations.

For retail chains, the logistics of supplying goods is beginning to play an increasingly important role. The key link in the logistics structure is the distribution center. The distribution center is the nodal point of the logistics structure retail network. The practice took place at such a distribution center of Tander CJSC.

The main purpose of passing the commodity-technological practice was:

Get acquainted with the organizational and production structure of the enterprise;

Get acquainted with the system of material and technical supply of the enterprise;

Learn the basic technological operations production and establish their influence on the formation of the quality of finished products;

Studying the causes and nature of possible defects in the goods;

Studying the range of products, methods and forms of quality control and accounting of raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products;

To study the main types of regulatory and technical documentation for the identification and planning of production processes that affect product quality;

To study the main factors influencing the competitiveness of products in the domestic and foreign markets;

Shop Feature

Today, in the Tander company, uninterrupted supply of everyday goods to all Magnit stores occurs through Distribution Centers - DCs, operating around the clock 364 days a year. Every day, goods worth about 280 million rubles are shipped from all DCs, which, in turn, go to more than 2,800 Magnit stores and 20 hypermarkets.

The shop is an enterprise retail, permanently located in separate rooms and is an independent legal entity.

For the internship, I chose the store LLC "Magnit", which is located in Tyumen, st. Volgogradskaya d.117. The area of the store is 80m², the storage area is 25m², the trading area is 55m².

The organizational and legal form of the enterprise is a company with limited liability. The Company is a legal entity and operates in accordance with the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law on Limited Liability Companies.

The Magnit store is open 24 hours a day, without a break for lunch and days off, which satisfies the demand of the customers of this store.

The turnover in the store is 900,000 rubles per month. The main share falls on consumer goods. The most purchased goods are bakery products, dairy products, soft drinks, confectionery.

This store sells groceries through self-service.

The shop is equipped with everything necessary equipment. AT trading floor use wall-mounted equipment, counters, showcases, refrigeration equipment(Biryusa brand). Cash register "KASBI-02K (F)"

All commercial and technical equipment used in the shop of Magnit LLC meets economic, ergonomic, aesthetic, technical, sanitary and hygienic requirements.

On the trading floor, goods are displayed, prepared for sale after their acceptance in terms of quantity and quality. The product has a price tag with indications: product name, grade, price, manufacturer.

The staff includes: director - manages the work of the store; accountant - conducts economic issues of the enterprise; sellers - carry out the release of goods to the buyer.

The main suppliers of the Magnit LLC store:

Golden Meadows LLC (milk and dairy products)

OOO Filcoer and K, Tyumen (beer)

Leader Product LLC, Tyumen (supply of canned vegetables, meat and fish products)

Nimak Group of Companies, Tyumen (ice cream, semi-finished meat products, chicken by-products, confectionery and groceries)

CJSC "Poultry Farm Borovskaya" Pos. Borovsky (eggs and poultry meat)

OOO Trading House NOVERA, Ishim (vodka, wine, wine drinks, natural wines, champagne, mineral water)

LLC "Unigrain" (former OJSC "Yalutorovsky Combine of Bakery Products")

MPP "Veles" Kurgan region (sausages)

Wholesale store "Benat" (confectionery)

OOO Kievskiy dairy plant» Tyumen region, Kyiv (dairy products)

"ERA 2000" Tyumen (TBH)

CJSC AF "Kaskara" Cascara (fruit and vegetable).

shop assortment goods expertise

Product range

Magnet sells the following products:

1.Confectionery:

- Candies by weight

- Caramel

- Sets of sweets

·- Cookie

- Gingerbread

- Chocolate

ü 2. Bakery products:

- Loaves, bakery products

- Drying - bagel

- Patties

ü 3.Grocery:

- Flour premium, 1/s

·- Pasta

·- Starch

- Coffee and coffee drinks

·- Bay leaf

- Spices

·- Vegetable oil

- Dry bread kvass

- Kissel

·- Tobacco products

·- Chewing gum

·-Crackers

ü4. Vegetables, fruits:

·- Fruit

ü 5.Meat products:

·- Meat semi-finished products

·- Sausages

- Raw semi-finished products from meat of beef, pork, chicken

ü 6. Wine - vodka products:

ü 7. Drinks:

·- Mineral water

·- Sparkling water

ü 8. Dairy products:

·- Milk

·- Sour cream

·- Yoghurts

·- Cottage cheese

·- Mayonnaise

·-Ice cream

ASSORTMENT LIST of goods for trade in the MAGNET store

Foodstuffs

For 2013

Product range Number of items

1.Sausages 7

Canned meat, dairy, fish 7

Vegetable oil 8

Confectionery 6

Canned fruits 4

Canned vegetables 4

Salt, incl. iodized 2

Coffee, coffee drinks 5

Pasta 10

Juices, drinks in assortment 5

Other food products (including seafood) 6

Meat, poultry 2

Butter Animal 3

Margarine 2

Egg, egg powder 3

Baby food 2

Vegetables, fruits 10

Alcoholic products 30

The range of goods is a set of goods formed according to certain characteristics and satisfying a diverse demand and satisfying the individual needs of the consumer.

The structure of the assortment of goods is the composition of the product groups included in the product group assortment of a trading enterprise and the quantitative ratio between them.

The formation of the structure of the assortment of goods consists in the timely replenishment and updating of the assortment, depending on the needs of the population.

The rational structure of the assortment of goods is such a structure that is as close as possible to consumer demand. The rational structure of the assortment of goods is characterized by such indicators as the breadth of the assortment, completeness, degree of renewal and efficiency of the assortment.

The breadth of the range - the number of proposed groups (subgroups) of goods. Depth is determined by the total number of assortment items in a group or subgroup of goods. A deep assortment is considered if the company offers many varieties of goods. Usually a deep assortment is offered by large or specialized stores. Completeness means that the actual availability of goods on the trading floor corresponds to the assortment list.

The main principle of forming the range of consumer goods is the most complete satisfaction of the needs of the population.

The regulation of the assortment is achieved by establishing certain requirements for a rational assortment. These requirements are regulated by a number of regulatory, technical and technological documents.

The list of types and names of assortment groups of homogeneous goods that make up the basic breadth and completeness of the assortment is established in product standards different categories(GOST, OST, STP) and TU. In these normative documents the first section is called Classification and Assortment, or Assortment, or Species.

The breadth and depth of assortment in the studied store are chosen taking into account the preferences of consumers.

Assortment properties and indicators

PropertiesIndicatorsCoefficient calculationDepth - real; - basicThe actual number of subgroups and product categories in a homogeneous product group (Pd) The basic number of subgroups and product categories in a homogeneous product group (PB) Depth coefficient (Kg)Kg = Pd / PB * 100% Latitude - actual; - basicNumber of species, varieties, names available for sale (Shd) Basic number of species, varieties, names of goods (SB) Coefficient of latitude (Ksh)Ksh = Shd / ShB * 100% ) updates (Kn)Kn \u003d N / Shd * 100% Stability The number of types and names of goods that are in steady demand (U) Stability coefficient (Ku) Ku \u003d U / Shd * 100% Rationality (R) Rationality coefficient (Kr) Kr \u003d ( Kg * VG + Ksh * VSh + Kn * VN + Ku * VU) / 4, where VG, VSh, VU, VN are the weight coefficients for indicators of depth, latitude, novelty, stability

Let's calculate the coefficients of tea in the Niva store

Range breadth.

Ksh \u003d Shd / Shb * 100%

2. Completeness of the range.

The coefficient of completeness (Kp) is the ratio of the actual indicator to the base one. The higher the completeness of the assortment, the better the needs of the buyer are satisfied. Kp=Pd/Pb*100%

Range depth.

Depth coefficient Kg=Pd/Pb*100%

The novelty of the range - the ability to meet changing needs through new products. The novelty of the assortment is characterized by the degree of renewal (Kn).

The novelty coefficient is the ratio of the number of new products in the general list (H) to the actual depth (Shd). Kn=N/Shd*100%

Stability of the range - the ability of the list of goods to meet the demand for the same goods. Identification of goods that are in steady demand requires the analysis of data on the sale of goods and receipts. The stability of the assortment is characterized by the coefficient of stability (Ku).

The stability coefficient (Ku) is the ratio of the number of species, varieties, names of goods that are in steady demand to the total number of goods of the same homogeneous groups. Ku \u003d U / Shd * 100%

The structure of the assortment - the share of each type of product in the assortment. The structure is calculated in physical and value terms.

The rationality of the assortment is the ability of a set of goods to most fully satisfy the really justified needs of different segments of consumers.

Kr \u003d (Kg * VG + Ksh * VS + Kn * VN + Ku * VU) / 4 /

2 Calculation and analysis of the obtained values of the properties of the assortment

) Determine the depth of the assortment:

By coffee brand Shd (N) PbKg \u003d Pd / Pb Kn \u003d N / Shd Jacobs15 (4n) 410,360.26 Black card 10 (3n) 240.410.3Akbar7 (2n) 310,220.28 Tchibo5(2n)150.330.4Nescafe6(3n)170.350.5Jardin9(4n)100.90.44Mauro4(1n)230.170.25Total62(20n)2040.30.32

) We determine the breadth of the range: Ksh=Shd/Shb; Ksh=9/9=1

Since the resulting latitude coefficient is 1, this indicates a fairly wide range of products and indicates its greatest optimality compared to its main competitors. This number of product groups is enough for any consumer to be able to purchase everything he needs in the Niva store in accordance with his needs and financial capabilities.

) Determine the completeness of the range: Kp=Pd/Pb; Kp=62/204=0.3

As a result of calculations, the completeness factor was 0.3. This coefficient shows that the assortment in the studied point of sale is not presented fully enough, in comparison with the existing assortment of the main competitors. Since this indicator is not high enough, it means that there is not a high probability that consumer demand for this group goods satisfied.

) Determine the novelty of the range: Kn=N/Shd; Kn=20/62=0.32

The novelty coefficient was 0.32. This fact indicates a gradual renewal of the assortment of tea. Shop "Niva" pays great attention updating its own assortment, offering new brands of tea in moderation.

) Determine the sustainability of the range: Ku=U/Shd; Y=62-20=42; Ku=42/62=0.68

The resulting value indicates that 68% of all presented trademarks teas are in steady demand among buyers.

) We determine the rationality of the assortment:

Kr \u003d (Kg * VG + Ksh * VS + Kn * VN + Ku * VU);

Kp \u003d (0.3 * 0.2 + 1 * 0.5 + 0.32 * 0.05 + 0.68 * 0.25) \u003d 0.74

As a result of the calculations, a rationality coefficient equal to 0.74 was obtained. Given the fact that the maximum value of this indicator is 1, the assortment in the Niva store is quite rational. Therefore, for the studied store there is no need to carry out various activities in the field of assortment formation and improvement of its structure.

An essential factor in the formation of the range is the price of goods. The buyer almost always determines for himself the marginal price within which he is going to pay for the purchase. Therefore, one of the criteria for the rational construction of an assortment of goods is to ensure right combination goods with different prices.

Basically, the goods are purchased at the base on their own, since the assortment is much wider there and the price is much lower, and the store also has stable sources of supply, for example, Coca-Cola, Beer (from several companies), etc.

Managing the assortment of goods provides for compliance with the product specialization established for the store, ensuring sufficient completeness of the assortment within the product groups defined by the mandatory assortment list of goods, and its stability. The store creates conditions that ensure uninterrupted trade with the necessary volumes of inventory. This is achieved through day-to-day inventory management. It is aimed at preventing the deviation of commodity stocks from established standards.

Thus, the definition and use in the process of analyzing the product range of indicators characterizing its completeness and stability allow not only to evaluate, but also to compare the assortment of one store with the assortment of another store serving the same target market.

The development and monitoring of product assortment lists by the store contributes to a better service to target market customers and the creation of a sustainable assortment.

1. Outerwear for men and women:

Coats for demi-season and winter (according to the season);

Raincoats (according to the season);

Jumpers;

T-shirts, sweatshirts, shorts, pantaloons;

T-shirts, pants;

Dressing gowns for women;

Night shirts for women;

bras;

Leggings for women;

Handkerchiefs for men and women;

Scarves;

Shawls, scarves, scarves;

Mittens (according to the season);

Cotton towels.

combs;

Soap dishes;

Tooth brushes;

Women's bags;

Men's belts;

Gloves;

Shopping bags;

Shoe brushes and items for shoe care;

Razors.

12. Household chemicals:

Means for washing dishes;

Washing powders of domestic production.

13. Perfumes and cosmetics:

toothpaste;

Face cream;

Hand cream;

Shaving gel;

Shampoos;

Cologne, toilet water.

14. Toilet soap.

15. Laundry soap.

FOOD FOR SALE IN ACCREDITED

SOCIAL STORES

2. Gutted chickens, semi-gutted.

3. Semi-smoked sausage.

4. Boiled sausage.

5. Frozen fish (without delicacy).

6. Salted uncut herring.

7. Pasteurized milk 2.5-3.2% fat.

9. Sour cream.

10. Low-fat cottage cheese.

11. Butter.

12. Hard cheeses.

13. Vegetable oil.

14. Margarine.

16. Sugar (sand).

17. Edible salt.

18. Black tea.

19. Vermicelli.

22. Buckwheat.

23. Oatmeal "Hercules".

24. Wheat flour of the highest grade.

25. Wheat bread of the highest grade.

26. Rye-wheat bread.

27. Unglazed candies.

28. Caramel.

29. Cookies.

30. Potatoes.

31. Fresh white cabbage.

32. Carrot.

33. Beets.

34. Bulb onion.

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS FOR SALES IN ACCREDITED

SOCIAL STORES "VEGETABLES-FRUITS-PRODUCTS"<*>

I. Fruit and vegetable products of year-round sale

1. Potatoes.

2. White cabbage.

3. Other cabbage vegetables (red cabbage, Savoy, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, kohlrabi) - at least 2 items.

4. Table carrots.

5. Beetroot.

6. Bulb onion.

7. Fresh garlic.

8. Fresh tomatoes.

9. Fresh cucumbers.

10. Fresh apples - at least 2 varieties.

11. Other fruits (pome and stone fruits) in assortment - at least 5 items.

12. Nuts - at least 2 items.

13. Fruits of subtropical and tropical crops (oranges, tangerines, lemons, grapefruits, pomegranates, persimmons, figs) - at least 4 items.

14. Mushrooms by weight in the assortment approved by the Central State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service in Moscow.

15. Vegetable and fruit juices, nectars - at least 7 items.

16. Canned fruits and vegetables - at least 10 items.

17. Canned meat and vegetables - at least 3 items.

18. Dried legumes - at least 2 items.

19. Dried fruits and their mixtures - at least 3 items.

20. Natural honey - at least 2 varieties.

21. Frozen vegetables, fruits, mixtures - at least 7 items.

22. Canned fruits and vegetables and syrups for baby food (at least 5 items).

II. Fruit and vegetable products of seasonal sale

1. Grapes.

2. Sauerkraut by weight - at least 2 items, including those with flavorings.

3. Salted tomatoes by weight.

4. Pickled cucumbers by weight.

5. Soaked apples by weight.

6. Pickled garlic.

7. Other root crops (radish, radish, turnip) - at least 3 items (during the growing season, May-October, respectively).

8. Roots and white root crops (parsley, celery, parsnip, horseradish) - at least 2 items in the July-October season)

9. Vegetable greens (green onions, leeks, lettuce, parsley, greens, celery, dill, spinach, sorrel, etc.) - at least 6 items (in the May-October season).

10. Zucchini, squash (in the season July-October).

11. Pepper and eggplant (in the season August-October).

12. Berries - at least 2 items (in the season June-August).

13. Fresh watermelons and melons (in the season August-September).