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Today, May 12, the world celebrates the birthday of a great woman - Florence Nightingale. This Englishwoman is the most famous nurse on the planet. During the period Crimean War for her diligence, professionalism and care for the wounded, she became a national heroine, and upon returning to her homeland, she took up the reorganization of the army medical service and the development of nursing. In her honor, we annually celebrate the International Day nurse.

There are many rumors about this category of medical workers - often offensive and unfair. MedAboutMe congratulates nurses and nurses on their professional holiday and analyzes the main myths dedicated to them.

Myth #1. Only women are nurses

Given that 80% medical staff in general, these are women, it is not surprising that there are also much fewer men among paramedical workers than the fair sex. Initially, in a medical school, there are 60 women for 40 men, and in an average hospital, a completely different alignment is observed: only 6% of the nursing staff are men. Interestingly, the same sex ratio among nursing staff is observed in the US and Canada.

Officially, the position of "nurse" appeared in Russia not so long ago. Prior to this in work books today's nurses had the entry "Nurse".

Myth #2. A doctor can do without a nurse

Somehow, by default, it is believed that a nurse is something like an "errand girl" complete with a clerk. In fact, the nurse has her own responsibilities, which practically does not intersect with the duties of a doctor. Nurse and doctor are complementary positions.

Myth #3. There are enough nurses in Russia

The author of this myth are officials of the Ministry of Health. In fact, nursing staff is also in short supply today. According to health experts, 90% of young people who graduate from medical school go to work in medicine. And after a year, 80% leave there forever.

In just a few months of last year, 16,000 nurses and paramedics quit. To a large extent, this is the result of mass optimization. According to representatives of the Ministry of Health, only 30% of services should be provided in hospitals, and the rest should be received in polyclinics. The reduction in the number of beds and the closure of clinics also lead to a reduction in this category of medical workers.

However, low salaries and excessive workloads also do not contribute to the entry of new people into the profession.

The best nurses are people who have consciously chosen this profession. Even after gaining experience of hard work as a nurse, they remained in their profession. Many of them go to study at universities in the specialty "Nursing", becoming top-class professionals in their craft. According to the doctors themselves, it is possible to work as a nurse for many years only by vocation. No other motivation will be strong enough to keep a person in such a difficult and at the same time not the highest paid job.

In the United States, for the 14th year in a row, nursing has been ranked at the top of the list of the most honest and ethical professions in the country.

Myth number 5. Being a nurse is the end of a career

This is an erroneous point of view. Today in Russia there is a multi-level system for training paramedical personnel. The nurse can advance career ladder to a specialist in nursing management. In recent years, Russian universities have the opportunity to take a bachelor's degree in the specialty "Nursing". This allows you to not only practical work, but carry out Scientific research. Finally, experienced nurses move easily to other specialized areas - elderly care, etc.

Nurses work in more than 100 different areas of medicine. In Russia, the following classification is adopted:

• Head nurse. This is a graduate of the medical, or rather, the faculty of nursing. Her duties include organizing the work of other nurses, paramedics, nurses, etc.
• Head nurse. He is engaged in administrative and economic affairs and works in this area together with the head of the department (head of the polyclinic). She also supervises the activities of ward nurses and nurses.
• Ward (guard) nurse. On her shoulders are the care of the sick and the control of their condition.
• Procedural nurse. Its scope of work includes a variety of medical procedures. She can also participate in medical manipulations under the supervision of a physician.
• Operating room nurse. Her work consists in preoperative preparation of everything necessary (instruments, underwear, suture material, etc.), as well as in assisting the surgeon during the operation.
• District nurse. Her responsibilities include not only seeing patients jointly with the doctor, but also performing medical procedures at home.
• Nutritionist. A nurse who organizes therapeutic nutrition according to the instructions of a dietitian. The list of its functions includes compiling a menu, monitoring the quality of food, as well as the sanitary condition of the catering unit and the canteen for patients.
• Nurses working at the reception together with doctors of other specialties.

Myth number 7. It's easy to be a nurse

There are so many stories about nurses sleeping and drinking tea on social networks that an ignorant person can have the wrong idea about working as a nurse. In fact, this is one of the most difficult professions - both physically and emotionally and psychologically.

American researchers have calculated that during a shift, a nurse lifts a weight (from objects to patients) of the order of 1600 kg. This category of medical workers is in fifth place in terms of sick leave due to muscle and joint injuries. Half of needle-related injuries are also among nurses. Other occupational hazards include exposure to various chemicals, increased risks of contracting various infections, chronic fatigue, workplace violence, and patient abuse.

In Russia, the salaries of nurses in state medical institutions do not stand up to scrutiny. Moreover, in some regions they are so small that it becomes incomprehensible: how can people survive on such money? So, last year the salary of a nurse in some settlements of Yakutia was 3 thousand rubles. Northern surcharges and compensation increased it to 7.5 thousand, which of course is 2.5 times more, but still unrealistically small. However, experts from the Ministry of Health assure that the salaries of nurses are actually the same as the average salary in the region. The discrepancy between this statement and reality is easily verified by the list of vacancies for nurses.

And yet, according to statistics, 35% of Russian nurses raise their children alone. A specific work schedule, additional shifts, low wages and constant fatigue are not the most attractive characteristics of nurses for men.

So, today nurses are the most numerous category of medical personnel. These are people who carry everything on their shoulders. Russian healthcare with all its problems and shortcomings. Dear nurses, strength and health to you!

In addition to doctors of various specializations, a whole team of medical personnel is guarding our health. Sisters, paramedics, orderlies - their work simply cannot be underestimated. Indeed, the effectiveness of the treatment, the speed of recovery of patients after operations, the sterility of instruments, etc. depend on the professionalism and conscientiousness of these workers. In this article, we will consider how a paramedic differs from a nurse.

Definitions

Paramedic – medical worker with secondary specialized education, having the right to conduct self-diagnosis and prescribe treatment to patients. If necessary, he can refer the patient to the right doctor. The term in question comes from the German word "feld", which means "field" in translation. So in medieval Germany they called a doctor who assists soldiers wounded in battle. Since this happened in the field, he was called a paramedic. Today, in our country, doctors of this specialization successfully work in the ambulance service. medical care, in which they play the role of a responsible executor. Whereas in the hospital they act under the guidance of a doctor. Often paramedics can be found in medical centers large enterprises, on ships and ships, at airports and in military units. They also work in the admission department of the hospital, dispatchers on the phone, deputy doctors of the district service, etc.

Nurse- a professional assistant to the attending physician, a specialist with secondary specialized education. Performs doctor's appointments: makes injections and dressings, puts droppers, gives medicine to the sick, measures the temperature, etc. There are a huge number of positions in nursing, as well as in medical practice. To take one of them, you need to get a higher medical education for others, it is enough to take special courses. The profession originated in Western Europe back in the 11th century. It was then that the first women's communities were created to care for the sick. Moreover, in peacetime, the sisters worked only with the fair sex, and in the war years they had to help men as well.

Comparison

Of course, the main differences between professions lie in the powers of employees and their responsibilities. As mentioned above, the paramedic has the right to independently diagnose and provide first aid. He is able to diagnose and prescribe treatment, prescribe sick leave, refer the patient to a specialist, etc. Such a worker must receive a secondary professional education advanced level. This can be achieved by studying for 3 years 10 months in a medical college or school. After the issuance of the relevant document, the specialist acquires the right to work as an obstetrician or laboratory assistant. Sometimes a paramedic is able to replace a doctor if we are talking about the ambulance service or work in regions remote from "civilization". He is also free to give orders. junior staff including nurses. In fact, a paramedic can be compared to a local therapist or family doctor. By the way, often it is the representative of this profession who has to save lives and provide first aid. Both women and men become specialists in this field.

The main difference between a paramedic and a nurse is that the latter employee does not have the right to independently conduct examinations, diagnoses and prescribe treatment. She only follows the instructions of a doctor or paramedic. However, in the absence of responsible persons, nurses must provide first aid to the patient. In general, the main duties of female workers are to carry out procedures, dispense medicines and monitor their intake, visit patients for home treatment, ensure infection safety, etc. Nurses also act as assistants during operations, perform blood transfusions under the supervision of a doctor, and manage reporting documentation, carry out the simplest laboratory research. The specialty can be obtained after completing a college education for a period of 2 years 10 months. This level of secondary specialized education is basic. It should be noted that only women hold this position. Whereas men who perform the same functions are called "nurses".

Table

Everyone has heard about the profession of a cosmetologist. The majority resorted to the services of a beautician. At the same time, few people know what kind of education a cosmetologist should actually have.

Is it necessary for a cosmetologist to have a medical education? Can a nurse be a beautician, or only a doctor? And if a doctor, then which one - a dermatologist, therapist, or maybe a veterinarian? There are many myths, rumors, rumors and opinions on this subject.

It's time to tear off all the covers, show everything that is hidden, dispel the fog of uncertainty .... well, in general, you understand.

So, we tell you about what types of cosmetologists are, and how to become a cosmetologist with a medical education, how to become a cosmetologist without a medical education, and how to become a cosmetologist.

Beauticians, estheticians, nurses, cosmetologists: "three pillars" of cosmetology.

All cosmetologists are divided into three large types: cosmetics-aestheticians (they are also aestheticians, aesthetic technicians, cosmetologists without medical education), nurses on vacation of cosmetology services, as well as cosmetologists.

Let's talk about each type in more detail.

Cosmetologists-estheticians

Cosmetologists-estheticians are the most common type of cosmetologists. They work in beauty salons without a medical license and provide services that the law classifies as domestic. These are all types of aesthetic face and body treatments, massages (not therapeutic), including the use of some types of simple devices, depilation, eyebrow and eyelash shaping, makeup, manicure and pedicure. In fact, cosmetic estheticians can provide you with almost all services, except for injection procedures, medium and deep peels, as well as some types of apparatus procedures.

You can read more about what services cosmetologists without medical education can provide in the article.

What if I come to a beauty salon, there is honey. no license, but a doctor works as a beautician?

Nothing changes from this: yesterday's accountants, marketers, lawyers, dancers, models, journalists - anyone, including former doctors and nurses. You just need to finish.

If a doctor works in a beauty salon without a medical license, he does not become a cosmetologist because of this. He is also a beautician.

And why people without honey can become cosmetologists. education? This is the same skin, face, how so - without a medical education, and what to do with the face?

When you come to get a haircut or do a manicure, people without a medical education work with you, right? You don't require a medical degree from a manicurist or hairdresser, do you? Then why do you demand it from cosmetics-aestheticians?

The level of "danger" in aesthetic cosmetology is lower than in nail salon. Moreover, in a nail salon, the degree of risk is greater: there are cases when poorly sterilized tools in nail salons have been the cause of the transmission of HIV and viral hepatitis to clients. In cosmetology, where all instruments are disposable, and violations skin does not occur, the risk of transmission of such life-threatening diseases is practically absent.

All over the world, people without medical education work as cosmetologists and there is only one reason for this: in order to provide most cosmetic procedures, it is enough for a specialist to know the basics of medical knowledge - the basics of dermatology and skin structure, sanitation, anatomy. The most important thing is to study well the actual cosmetic procedures.

6 years at the university is an excessive waste of time, effort and money. The presence of honey the education of the master does not make him the best cosmetologist (but the prices for his services are higher, after all, the master must somehow compensate for the time spent on medical education).

In our country, for a long time, any cosmetologist was required to have honey. education (even if he worked in the domestic sphere). This obsolete requirement has been going on since Soviet times, when cosmetology rooms were opened at state skin care clinics. Fortunately, in 2013 it was canceled once and for all.

So, a beautician-aesthetician (he is also the most common type of beautician) is a person with any education who has professional retraining in cosmetology.

Nurses on holiday cosmetology services.

This type of cosmetologists is found in cosmetology clinics and beauty salons with medical license. They can provide almost all types of cosmetic services.

But! By law, a nurse can perform medical procedures only as directed and under the supervision of a doctor.

That is, it is assumed that secondary medical education is sufficient to technically perform the procedures. But not enough - to appoint them and evaluate the result.

Therefore, in cosmetology centers, nurses always work in conjunction with a cosmetologist.

To work as a nurse in cosmetology, you will need a secondary medical education (medical profile) and a refresher course "" 288 hours.

Nurses are doctors, but not doctors either.

Cosmetologist.

There are not so many cosmetologists in our profession.

In Russian medical schools there is still no specialization "doctor-cosmetologist". Therefore, a person who decides to get this profession needs to go a long way: to get a basic medical education in the specialty "General Medicine" or "Pediatrics" (5.5 years); undergo residency in dermatovenereology (2 years) and only after that - professional retraining in the specialty "" (about 6 months to 1 year). Total, at least 8 years of difficult study.

So a cosmetologist is a fairly elite (and well-paid) category of cosmetologists. Absolutely all cosmetic procedures are available to doctors: from mass and inexpensive treatments (which give the doctor new clients) to expensive and very profitable injections and complex hardware procedures (including lasers that nurses are not allowed to use in their work).

Beauticians, dermatologists and other mythical creatures

Dermatocosmetologist, beautician, beautician, beautician with a medical education - such "professions" do not exist. These names are the result of confusion that has arisen in the minds of people due to constant changes in legislation, as well as a lack of information. Remember - there are only three specialties in the field of cosmetology: cosmetics-aestheticians (they are aestheticians, aesthetic technicians, cosmetologists without medical education), nurses on vacation of cosmetology services, as well as cosmetologists. The rest is from the evil one.

You may or may not be a doctor!

Do not think that if you do not have the necessary medical education and are not expected, you will not achieve success in the profession of a cosmetologist.

It all depends on your career plans.

The absence of a medical diploma will not limit you at all if your profile is anti-cellulite and spa treatments, manicure, make-up and many other areas of cosmetology.

Estheticians, nurses and doctors simply various career peaks, their own paths to them, but equally pleasant success stories.

A woman in the same clothes as a doctor, which makes it easy to confuse them in the corridor of the clinic or even at the reception. Perhaps this is how you can describe a nurse without going into the details of her work. If a you want to help people, and biology and chemistry are your favorite subjects, take a closer look at this profession. I am ready to tell you in more detail who a nurse is, what she does and where to go.

The profession originated in the 11th century, it was then that the sisters of mercy appeared, who initially helped women, and then men. And in the 17th century, there was an urgent need for nurses. It was then that numerous wars were fought, there were many wounded who needed first aid and care after heavy operations.
Painting God's M. M. "Nurse" (1955)

Responsibilities of a Nurse

A nurse (nurse) is a specialist with secondary specialized education who observes and cares for patients. She is a faithful assistant to the doctor at the reception and during treatment, operations. The nurse provides first aid to the victims, performs simple manipulations (gives injections, measures pressure and temperature) and procedures, following the doctor's prescriptions. During the appointment, she writes down the results of the examination and the recommendations of the doctor. The nurse also writes out certificates, referrals for examinations, etc. In addition, nurses are excellent administrators. For example, head sisters manage the work of all other nurses, are responsible for household and medical supplies, and also monitor the completion of documentation.

What are nurses

Depending on the specific place of work, a nurse may have a different specialization. The ward nurse observes and cares for patients who are in the hospital. The procedural puts injections, vaccinations, takes blood for tests, makes dressings. The district police officer monitors patients in the assigned area, doing procedures at home. An intensive care nurse takes care of seriously ill patients, feeds, bandages, remakes the bed, puts a probe, droppers, prepares for ultrasound, operations. The nurse in the admission department directs patients according to the document for hospitalization or listens to the patient's complaints and only then sends them to the doctor on duty. She also helps the doctor in examining the patient, follows the doctor's recommendations.

Personal qualities of a nurse

In addition to special knowledge, a nurse knows how to find a common language with patients, their relatives, to cheer up discouraged. Tact, courtesy, sensitivity, attentiveness, responsibility help her in working with patients. Frequent physical and emotional stress is only able to endure a person with good health. Fastidious and impressionable people will have a hard time in this profession.

Where to apply

You can study to be a nurse and . The medical college is accepted after the 11th grade according to the average mark of the certificate or the passing score, which includes the average mark of the certificate and the results of the Central Test for the Russian or Belarusian language and biology.

If you are looking into the profession of a nurse, but are not completely sure if this job is right for you, go through the free .

Good luck in choosing a profession!

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Nursing is a specialty, the importance of which can hardly be overestimated. In fact, no doctor can do his job without such an assistant. Given this, we can safely say that a nurse is indispensable in any clinic or hospital.

However, how much do we know about the duties that this employee performs? What kind of difficulties do they sometimes have to face? And what are the prospects for a girl who has chosen the path of a nurse?

General information about the profession

The nurse is first and foremost the right hand of the doctor. Her main task is to follow the instructions of the doctor to whom she is assigned. This may be the collection of tests, the installation of a dropper, the issuance of bed linen to the patient, and so on. That is, by and large, the role of the nurse is auxiliary.

But, despite this, she is an important member of the staff of any medical institution. After all, the nurse takes on the lion's share of the work, thereby unloading the doctors. And those, in turn, will be able to devote more time to more important tasks: diagnosing diseases, prescribing a course of treatment, therapy, and so on.

How to become a nurse?

The duties of a nurse require an appropriate education. You can get it at a medical college or school. Training takes from 3 to 4 years, depending on the chosen institution.

During this time, students will learn all the skills that are necessary to work in this specialty. In particular, they will learn Latin (which is indispensable when writing prescriptions), first aid methods, the basics of therapy, the rules for using medicinal preparations, and so on.

Statutory classification of nurses

When discussing this profession, one cannot ignore the fact that there is a classification of nurses. And, despite the fact that the education required is the same, the range of responsibilities is different for everyone.

So what are the types of nurses?

• Chief Nurse is the only position that requires higher education. Her the main task- the control. It is this employee who makes adjustments to the work of middle and junior medical personnel.
• The head nurse is a position assigned to each head of the department. The main function is to maintain order in the territory entrusted to her by managing her own subordinates.
• The guard nurse is a specialist who makes sure that patients strictly follow all the doctor's instructions: take medicines, keep bed rest or diet.
• Procedural nurse. It is she who is responsible for the injections and droppers prescribed by the doctor. In addition, she collects samples and takes them to the laboratory.
• The operating room nurse is the surgeon's right hand. She prepares the operating room before the operation, checks that everything is in place, and brings all essential tool. In the future, she follows all the instructions that the surgeon gives her: apply a scalpel, a clamp, or, say, a tampon.
• A district nurse is a specialist assigned to a specific doctor. Most often, this position is associated with paperwork: filling out cards, working with documents, keeping records, and so on.
• The junior nurse is the lowest rung of the hierarchy. Her duties include caring for the sick and following orders from senior colleagues.

Required Qualities

So, the duties of a nurse cannot be called too complicated, especially when compared with the work of doctors. However, they should not be underestimated, because the health of another person is at stake.

And therefore future specialist must have the following personal qualities:

• a good memory in order to remember many terms and names of drugs;
• responsibility, because, as mentioned earlier, any oversight can cost a person a life;
• speed of reaction in order to make the right decision at a critical moment;
• compassion, because without it she will not be able to provide the sick with the care they need;
• strong nerves and psyche, since in medicine you will have to deal with many things, including unpleasant ones.

What will you have to do at work?

In every medical institution there is a nurse's own instruction (job description). This document contains full list of all duties of this employee, and upon taking up the position, he is obliged to familiarize himself with it. It is simply impossible to describe all the possible requirements specified in this document, as they may vary depending on the policy of the institution.

However, here are a few examples:

1. First of all, the nurse monitors the condition of the patients. He takes tests, takes an interest in their well-being and takes them to medical procedures.
2. Any nurse follows the instructions of doctors, especially when they relate to working with patients.
3. A number of procedures related to the treatment of the patient also falls on the shoulders of this employee. So, nurses put droppers, give injections, conduct physiotherapy and give dosed doses of drugs.
4. In addition, nurses often work with hospital records. For example, they fill out patient cards, keep records of hospital inventory, submit documents for discharge, and so on.

Advantages and disadvantages of the profession

If we talk about the pros, here, first of all, it is necessary to note the high demand in the labor market. Almost every specialist can count on a free place in his city.

However, there are also disadvantages. In particular, low wages and lack of career development. Even with all your desire to rise above the position of a senior nurse, it simply will not work.